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!g ¿Soll = lg ¿I 
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effektive Em] 
Empfindlich!? 
abweichen ka 
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toren bekann 
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Anmerkung: 
zungen und 
teten Licht 
zungen sind i 
Schrifttum 
[1] Traenkl 
nahmen. Z. f 
[2] Michailc 
Moskau 1952 
[3] Deutsche 
Skalen, Kalil 
[4] Brock, < 
grafie (engl.) 
[5] Harihar 
sions. J. O. £ 
[6] HOWLETI 
Speed of Ae 
A, 24, 1—7 ( 
[7] Zeth, U. 
zeit für Luft 
und Photoch 
[8] Carman, 
of Fine Deti 
305. 
[9] Carman, 
photogramm 
sehe Teste ( 
XIII-4, Ams 
[10] Friesei 
kleiner Deti 
Korr., Wien. 
(1956) Nr. 4 ! 
[11] Gost 2 
fische Mater 
allgemeinser 
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108 
О 
О 
3 
4 
3' 
4' 
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Ф 
1 
2 
5' 
6' 
О 
О 
5 
6 
Fig. 7. Distribution of points for the relative orientation and the residual 
vertical parallax measurement. 
In addition to this residual vertical parallaxes at 28 points, which lie as 
close as the mesh points of Fig. 7 and are suit for the precise measurement 
of vertical parallaxes, were observed for the purpose of the investigation of 
their distribution. 
3. Method of analysis 
1) Closing error of the relative orientation 
Closing errors V and V' of each relative orientation are calculated by the 
following formulae. 
F=2pi-2p 2 +í?4+P6-P3-í»5 
V'=2p l -2p 2 +Pi’+P6'-P3'-py 
By many examples concerned to the National Large Scale Mapping Project 
etc., it has been known that in most cases V and V' are 30-50 p. Therefore, if 
V, V' of this test are comparable to these values the irregular shrinkage of the 
new film is judged to be equivalent to that of TAC film. 
2) Mean square error of residual vertical parallaxes 
As a measure of the irregular film shrinkage mean square error o- of residual 
parallaxes at six orientation points of each stereo-model and <j N for each series 
of relative orientations are calculated by following formulae. 
V ~1 8 /"I 10 
4rT\Pi or í=±\/t7íSPí (for the analytical method) 
o ¿=i v 1U ¿=1 
(T N = ±y-jSpi 
Contrary to the observation errors which occur arbitrary the irregular film 
shrinkage is thought to have somewhat systematic nature. So a and a N can be 
treated as a measure of the irregular film shrinkage. 
3) Running mean of residual vertical parallaxes 
Because of the irregular shrinkage and the observation error are of 
same order, it is very difficult to get any conclusion from raw values of residual 
vertical parallaxes observed. But we can reduce to some extent the influence of 
the observation error by means of the calculation of their running means, be- 
Zusammenfa 
Von höchst? 
nahmen ist 
male Belicht 
elektrischer Belichtungsmesser reale, auf Kammertyp und 
Emulsion abgestimmte Eichwerte zu erhalten, wird vorge 
schlagen, dieselbe mit Hilfe von Testaufnahmen durchzuführen. 
отсюда полезными диапазонами почвернении и экспознцш 
а также с диапазоном средних освещенностей объекта. Эти 
вопросы подробно рассматриваются в данной статье.