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Severalapplications have fallen within the field of engineering. These 
include the successful completion of a trial wriggle survey in the Second Mersey 
Tunnel (159); a variety of work connected with rock and soil mechanics in open 
pit mines (198) and earth slips; the analysis of the geometry of model 
structures; and the development of techniques in road surface measurement in 
tropical climates. 
* The next most significant group of topics involves problems in medicine. 
Teeth have been contoured, using microscope photogr. phy; the measurement of 
the retina to determine growth associated with glaucoma is under investigation 
(63); and dimensions from x-ray photography of the dog's lung and the human 
spine are being sought. 
All of these non-topographic applications have meant working with government 
departments and research organisations, commercial firms, university and 
polytechnic departments. 
MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY. Institute of Science and Technology 
Use is being made of photogrammetry to solve some engineering problems 
concerned with the centrifugal testing of soil samples. A pair of Zeiss UMK 
10/1318 cameras was bought for these tasks. 
MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY. Simon Engineering Laboratories 
A number of architectural elevations have been plotted including the organ 
and internal structure of Whitworth Hall. In 1968 some work was done on three 
dimensional measurements based on photographs taken with a scanning electron 
microscope, including measurements made of the grooves worn in machine 
knitting hooks. Some work has been done with medical x-rays. A project in 
orthodontics has been carried out in which measurements were made at various 
stages of the disjuncture of a palatal suture. A number of projects have been 
carried out with direct optical double projection instruments used as cameras 
as well as for restitution. Work is in progress on the automatic computation of 
volumes and surface areas which is needed for comparisons in fields where 
objects are not dimensionally stable. 
MERIDIAN AIRMAPS LTD 
The company has recently acquired a Wild A40 stereo-plotter and a C 120 
camera for terrestrial photogrammetry. 
NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE UNIVERSITY. Dept. of Surveying 
Studies of facial changes resulting from the loss of teeth and the facial 
stigmata of oral clefts have been carried out in conjunction with consultant 
orthodontists. (111) The Department has also as sisted the British Ship 
Research Association in an investigation of the use of photogrammetric methods 
in dimensional quality control for the shipbuilding industry.