ground shapes and slopes, detailed patterns, etc. A field survey is then made with the help of administrations, 
local authorities and inhabitants. The final document is printed with colors superimposed on a 1:20,000 map 
and provides a synthesis of all this data. 
6. Ciolkosz, A. 
Poland 
ANALYSIS OF CROP STRUCTURE ON AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS 
The June Agricultural Census which considers crop structure, which is carried out every year in Poland, is a 
very expensive and not quite reliable work. As a result of that there is a need for crop analysis using another 
method which could give more impartial data. For that purpose an interpretation of panchromatic aerial 
photos and microphotometrical method of their interpretation have been applied. 
After determination of the most convenient time of taking the photos, which in the region around Warsaw is 
at the turn of June and July, i.e. three weeks before harvest, the panchromatic aerial photos at a scale 1:5000 
have been taken. After performance of photointerpretation key one has commenced the analysis of crop 
structure and comparison of obtained results with the data of June Agricultural Census. On the basis of it, an 
accuracy of photointerpretation has been defined. In the case of small individual farms the accuracy was 85%, 
and in the case of big State Agricultural Farms 96%. In the course of photointerpretation only six kinds of crops 
were considered. 
3. Ehne, E.; Minnus, E. and Welander, E.P. 
Sweden 
STUDIES OF CARTOGRAPHIC PHOTOINTERPRETATION IN DIFFERENT 
KINDS OF AERIAL PHOTOGRAPHS 
Studies have been made concerning the effect of scale, film emulsion and the copy base material. Aerial 
photographs at scales of 1:30,000 from flying heights of 4,600 m (15,300 feet), 1:20,000 from 3,200 m (10,700 
feet) and 1:10,000 from 1,500 m (5,000 feet) have been examined. Three different kinds of film emulsion have 
been used: Panchromatic, colour and colour infrared film, and comparisons have been made between paper 
prints and diapositives. 
Built-up area, watercourses, ditches, power lines, haulage roads, fields, gardens, marshland and woodland areas 
are among the interpreted objects reported on. 
A comparison between stereo interpretation and single photo interpretation has been carried out. 
The results of these studies cannot in all cases be looked upon as being representative regarding all the details 
that are described, but they give an indication of the possibilities offered by the use of different kinds of aerial 
photographs. 
8. Eóry, K. and Szabé, I. 
Hungary 
APPLICATION OF THE ARCHEOLOGICAL AERIAL 
PHOTOGRAPHIC INTERPRETATION IN THE ARCHEOLOGIC 
TOPOGRAPHY FOR REGIONAL SURVEY 
The present application of the aerial photographs in the archeological land survey happened in the following 
two ways. 
First, with the identification of the objects having characteristic forms but not located yet, discovered without 
aerial photography, or with aerial pictures prepared for specific archeological use taken from a bigger area 
under exploration where the corresponding survey tasks were considered also. The authors expound their 
experiences gained in the course of the interpretation of aerial photographs, having been taken not for 
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