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Landsat-identified linear features. Color anomalies on the computer- 
enhanced Landsat imagery account for 72 percent of these known mineral 
occurrences. Some of the observed color anomalies coincide with areas 
of known geochemical alteration and some of the remaining anomalies 
constitute "resource targets." 
Russian scientists are working in a cooperative program with 
counterparts in the United States in their test areas, Balkhash, Tien- 
Shan, the Caucasus, and Ustyurt (Study of the natural environment by 
spacecraft, 1975). In general, the Russian scientists are reaching the 
same conclusions that are being reached by scientists in the United 
States and other parts of the world--that many of the megalinears we 
are now seeing and mapping are very deep structures, perhaps extending 
to the mantle. Further, they are speculating that these structures may 
serve as major conduits for transmission of mineralized fluids to the 
surface, and that as Sikabonyi and Rogers (1959) have noted, lineaments 
as reflections of basement weakness zones may indicate where weakness 
zones have affected paleotopography and therefore influenced paleo- 
depositional conditions. Since fluid hydrocarbon accumulations require 
proper lithologic conditions, knowledge of basement topography is of the 
utmost importance in the search for hydrocarbons to help define zones of 
changing lithologic conditions. 
The structural geologic results that are coming from the Landsat 
data seem to be substantiating the thought advanced in the last report 
to ISP, that at the scales and resolutions of Landsat we seem to be 
coming in harmony with a fundamental fabric of the Earth. 
Exploration and development in the marine environment is a special 
case involving transportation monitoring, as well as exploration. A 
listing of established or potential applications of Landsat data to 
offshore activities follows: 
1) Analysis of coastal dynamics in terms of: a) shoreline changes 
and b) nearshore current patterns, directions, and relative intensities; 
2) location of manmade objects or small land masses in the oceanic 
areas, with respect to other features of known location; 
3) improvement in the charting of shallow seas (15-20 m in depth): 
4) monitoring of onshore environmental changes (including land use) 
resulting from offshore development; 
5) monitoring of suspended sediment generation and dispersal; 
6) improvement of offshore geophysical surveys by providing infor- 
mation on location and strike of large, previously unmapped, and possibly 
fundamental crustal structures on land that extend into the sea. 
15