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To assess the application of the FLD in prospecting for phosphate 
rocks, the luminescence of ten samples of phosphate rocks from several 
geographic locations were measured with the laboratory fluorescence 
spectrometer at the 486.1 nm Fraunhofer line. All samples luminesced 
within the sensitivity range of the FLD. That the FLD is sensitive to 
luminescing phosphate rock was later confirmed in an airborne test over 
a sedimentary phosphate area in southern California. Although both 
gypsum and phosphatic soils luminesced at approximately equivalent 
values, it was possible to distinguish them from remote positions 
because of their significantly different reflectance. 
In order to quantify the luminescence of selected oils in terms 
of rhodamine WI equivalence, the excitation spectra of 29 crude oils 
and 20 refined oils were measured with the laboratory fluorescence 
spectrometer by Watson and others (1974). The results of these studies 
suggest: 
1. The luminescence of the 3 um and 10 um films of the lower 
specific gravity oils (0.7317 to 0.8327) is significantly less than that 
of the bulk oil. 
2. At specific gravities of 0.8752 or greater, luminescence of the 
films approaches that of the bulk oil. 
3. The peak luminescence of the 3 um and 10 ym films shows a 
spectral shift toward the blue end of the wavelength spectrum for the 
low specific gravity oils and toward the red end of the spectrum for the 
higher specific gravity oils. 
4. Comparison of luminescence of the 3 um and 10 um films at the 
six Fraunhofer wavelengths suggest that the thickness of an oil film can 
be determined for specific gravities of 0.8327 and lower. 
5. For oils of specific gravity of 0.9752 and heavier, the 
difference in luminescence between the film and bulk oil is negligible. 
In an airborne test, the FLD successfully discriminated natural 
seeps of oil from apparently uncontaminated seawater in the Santa 
Barbara Channel, California. 
Spent sulfite liquor is produced as a waste material in the process 
of making paper from wood pulp. Disposal of the material into rivers 
and estuaries constitutes a severe water pollution problem in areas 
where numerous paper mills are located. The spent sulfite liquors are 
injurious to fish due to the high oxygen demand of the liquors (Almgren 
and Josefsson, 1973).