Underwater Photography
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Data acquisition below the water surface is a rapidly increa-
sing field that was accounted for in the 1974 Stockholm Sym-
posium by an exhibition of equipment, phc otograpt 13 and methods,
as used in the US Navy. An introdu ction was given by Mc Neil,
(47), who will present an invited paper in Helsinki (48),
> t X
The Underwater di MS Group of the Heriot-Watt University,
Edinburgh, has si bmitted a report (357) on "Seabed Surveying
by Remote Control". Cable controlled submersibles have been
used for many years. The most famous ones are CURV I, which
recovered a hydrogen bomb from a depth of 870 metres off the
coast of Spain at Palomares in 1966, and CURV II, which hel-
ped to re e the manned submersible Pisces III off Southern
Ireland in 973. As to cameras, the EMI Electronics Ltd (25)
has reported on an underwater television camera that, during
daylight, is usable without any supplementary artificial light-
in
va
ps
~
ing to depths in excess of 30 metre
m
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Film and Processing
During the last few years, the problems of processing film,
diapositives and prints have attracted rather little atten-
tion in the periodicals. Some information has been given in
the National Reports.
It ought to be noted that Ilford has stopped making aerial film
from the end of 1975. Concerning sensitometry, there are many
big laboratories in the US and Canada, which are using conti-
nuous processing methods for all types of aerial film and paper
with full sensitometric control. In the UK, about 70% of the
organizations declare that they have facilities for sensito-
metric control but only 20% always utilize the control (74).
As to the processing of colour and CI films, only two organi-
zations in England carry out the processing "in house". In Bel-
gium (73) the Institute Géographique Militaire has performed
as new semi-automatic procedure for the treatment of colour or
CI film, India has recently established facilities for this
type of processing in the Institute for Photo Interpretation
and in the Space Application Centre (1). Further, a criterium
based on the NATO STANAG-3188 for assessment of the characte-
ristics and quality of monochrome negative aerial film has re-
cently been introduced.
Spectral Signatures
Within the framework of the Earth-Science Measuring Program of
the Federal Republic of Germany, the Institute of Physical Space
Research in Freiburg is charged with the systematic determina-~
tion of spectral signatures for typical natural surfaces (7).
This is done by radiometric field measurements, for which a mo-
bil station has been equipped with two spec troradiometers for
the wavelength range from 0.35 to 14 um and a television came-
ra for target observation, all mounted on the top of a 18 m
