Ij - 
The variant of this technique is even more attractive in data 
collection for relative orientation. Besides the choice of parameters 
and correction routines indicated in the initialiser there is again a 
choice of patterns of automatically addressable points at which the 
parallaxes will be measured (e.g. 6 point or 12 point patterns), and 
the ability for a precise and fast inspection of results after the 
completion of orientation. The visually inspected residual parallaxes 
in the model (under the automatic positioning control of the basic 
real-time program) should be in accordance with the numerical values of 
residual parallaxes that can be (if so desired by the operator) dis- 
played immediately after the execution of computations. (This technique 
has some very interesting theoretical implications that are outside the 
scope of this paper.) 
Similar techniques are available in the course of absolute 
orientation. For example, in cases where a large number of irregularly 
distributed control points has to be used for absolute orientation, an 
approximate orientation based on the observation of the minimal number 
of points will enable the positioning of the measuring marks in the 
immediate vicinity of all the other control points, provided that the 
control coordinates are stored in the computer's memory files. The 
operator is, in that case, addressing the points by simply introducing 
their identification number via the keyboard. With techniques identical 
in principle with the inspection routines for relative orientation the 
check of the residuals at the control points may be done automatically 
under the control of the basic real-time program. 
Some techniques for handling the files of control coordinates 
will contribute to the increase in efficiency during the collection of 
data. The files are stored in external memory (preferably on the 
disc) and the one of interest is specified by the operator in the 
initialiser of absolute orientation program. The recording of model 
coordinates, the search in the specified file, and the matching of 
corresponding control coordinates occurs automatically after the intro- 
duction of the point identification number. If the control file is 
large, the initialiser offers a possibility to create a temporary 
truncated file and so reduce the search time. In those cases where the 
control is not stored a priori the initialiser allows for the creation 
of temporary files, a technique that may be applied when the number of 
control points is relatively small. In all three cases the actual data 
collection procedures are identical. 
Orientation programs for quasi-simultaneous and simultaneous 
determination of the outer orientation parameters allow for the collec- 
tion of all the data required in a single pass. (The quasi-simultaneous 
orientation program consists of the standard relative and absolute 
orientation programs connected with a routine for transformation of 
photo to model coordinates for the control points. This routine is 
executed immediately after the completion of relative orientation and 
followed directly by the absolute orientation program.) Since the 
collection of data for both quasi-simultaneous and simultaneous proce- 
dures has to be performed in a non-oriented model, the efficiency of the 
automatic positioning techniques is reduced, especially in the case of 
large number of irregularly distributed control points. Otherwise in 
both cases the type of observed point (e.g. with or without control 
coordinates) may be indicated in the initialiser. If not, the control