Full text: From pixels to sequences

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of local into global maps. 
Indeed the observables 0 of photogrammetry or other sensors and systems are generally non-linear functions of the difference of the 
point positions P and Q; these depend on time t, moreover other terms e represent corrections: 
6=F(P(t),Q(t),&(P,0,1)) (17) 
The terms e are often considered to be known a priori; however they can be derived from different information y, that depend in 
various ways on the point position P and on time: 
y - GCP,t) (18) 
The displacement of point positions can be modelled with suitable functions of time: 
PzH(t (19) 
The parameters h of the function H have often a similar behaviour in neighbouring points, so that they can be modelled by suitable 
functions of the point positions: 
h=K(P) - (20) 
In such a way not only the position parameters, but also the displacements can be related to the geometrical observations; moreover 
surface reconstruction and form descriptors allow for a spatial analysis. 
REFERENCES 
Ammannati F., Benciolini B., Mussio L., Sansó F. (1983): An Experiment of Collocation Applied to Digital Height Model 
Analysis. In K. Torlegaerd (Ed), Proc. of the Int. Colloquium "Mathematical Aspects of Digital Elevation Models", Dept. of 
Photogrammetry- Royal Inst. of Technology, 19-20 April 1983, pp. 1.1-1.9, Stockholm. 
Barbarella B., Radicioni F. (1990): Kalman Filtering in Levelling: an Application. In P. Vyskocil, C. Reigber and P.A. Cross (Eds), 
"Global and Regional Geodynamics", pp. 319-328, Springer- Verlag, New York. 
Barzaghi R., Crippa B., Forlani G., Mussio L. (1988): Digital Modelling by Using the Integrated Geodesy Approach. Int. Archives 
of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 16th Congress of the ISPRS, Vol. 27, part B3, pp. 47-56, Kyoto. 
Crespi M.,Crippa B., Mussio L. (1990): Integrated Approach to Kinematic Adjustment and Spatial Analysis of Levelling Control 
Data of the Ancona 82 Landslide. In P. Vyskocil, C. Reigber and P.A. Cross (Eds), "Global and Regional Geodynamics", pp. 31 1- 
318, Springer-Verlag, New York. 
Crippa B., De Haan A., Mussio L. (1989): The Formal Structure of Geodetic and Photogrammetric Observations. Proc. of the 
ISPRS IC-WG III/VI Tutorial on "Mathematical Aspects of Data Analysis", Pisa 1-2 June 1989, pp. 9-35, Milan. 
Colombo L., Fangi G., Mussio L., Radicioni F. (19862): Further Developments on Digital Models in a Control Problem for the 
"Ancona '82" Landslide. Int. Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Vol. 26, part B/1, pp. 134-147, Rovaniemi. 
Colombo L., Fangi G., Mussio L., Radicioni F. (1986b): Kinematic Processing and Spatial Analysis of Levelling Control Data of 
the Ancona 82 Landslide. In H. Pelzer and W. Niemeier (Eds), "Determination of Heights and Height Changes", pp. 703-719, 
Duemmler Verlag, Bonn. 
Cunietti M., Fangi G., Mussio L., Radicioni F. (1984): Block Adjustment and Digital Model of Photogrammetric Data in a Control 
Problem for the "Ancona '82" Landslide. Int. Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 159 Congress of the ISPRS, Vol 
25, part A3b, pp. 792-802, Rio de Janeiro. 
Cunietti M., Mussio L. (1985): High Precision Photogrammetry. In M. Unguendoli (Ed), Proc. of the Meeting "High Precision 
Geodetic Measurements", Bologna 16-17 October 1984, pp. 329-360, Bologna. 
De Haan A., Forlani G. (1987): Digital Height Variation Modelling by Least Squares Collocation. In O. Jacoby and P. Frederiksen 
(Eds), Proc. of the Int. Colloquium "Progress in Terrain Modelling", Technical University of Denmark, 20-22 May 1987, pp. 113- 
126, Copenhagen. 
De Haan A., Maas H.-G., Malik N., Mussio L. (1994): Statistical Analisys of Spatially Referenced Data. Inst. fuer Geodaesie und 
Photogrammetrie, ETH-Zuerich, Bericht 238, Zurich. 
Forlani G., Mussio L. (1986): The Kinematic Adjustment of Levelling Networks. In M. Unguendoli (Ed), Proc. of the Meeting on 
the "Modern Trends in Deformations Measurements", Bologna 26-27 June 1986, pp. 265-290, Bologna. 
IAPRS, Vol. 30, Part 5W1, ISPRS Intercommission Workshop “From Pixels to Sequences”, Zurich, March 22-24 1995 
 
	        
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