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out extensive 1:250,000 planimetrie mapping. 
To meet the demands of large scale mapping which the States require for their 
particular interests, it soon became apparent that the simple methods of plotting from 
air photos were inadequate and in 1950 first order plotting machines vere introduced by 
most State mapring organisations, 
The Commonwealth departments, on the other hand, whose mapping responsibilities 
are somewhat different to those of the States, are still using the slotted template 
method of adjustment and graphical plotting, as mentioned earlier, for small scale map- 
ping vhilst for medium seale mapping Multiplex Equipment is employed. 
AUSTRALIAN MAPPING ORGANISATION 
Australia is a federation of six states each of which is a sovereign pover in 
its own right except for tose functions which have been handed over to the Federal 
(Commonwealth) Government, 
The Commonwealth Government in addition to its Federal powers is responsible 
for the government of the Northern Territory of Australia and of the Australian External 
Territories, the chief of which is Papua and the Trust Territory of New Guinea; Terri- 
torial responsibility has also been accepted for portion of the Antarctic, 
In pursuance of its constitutional responsibilities the Commonwealth Government 
has a commitment for geodetic and topographic survey, within the territories under its 
control, while both the Commonwealth and State Governments have each their own require- 
ments and responsibility for these types of survey within their respective areas, The 
Governments have therefore mutually agreed to co-ordinate their survey and mapping activi- 
ties in Australia itself through a National Mapping Council consisting of the Director of 
National Mapping (Chairman), the Director of Army Survey, the Navy Hydrographer and the 
Commonwealth and State Surveyors General, 
This Council, having considered the overall requirement for geodetic and topo- 
graphic survey has agreed on systems of map projections and map sheet boundaries and 
has adopted national standards for geodetic and topographic surveys, air photography and 
topographic mapping, The joint participation by Commonwealth and State authorities in 
the carrying out of these recommended schemes of survey in accordance with the Council's 
approved standards may well be termed the National Geodetic and Topographic Survey. 
Although each State is completely autonomous as regards mapping, the two prinei- 
pal Commonwealth organisations also engaged in this work are controlled by the Common- 
wealth Minister for National Development. To overcome the difficulty of duplication of 
efforts and co-ordination of each organisation's mapping activities, an Advisory Committee 
on Commonwealth Mapping has been formed consisting of the Secretary, Department of National 
Development, (Chairman), Secretary, Department of the Army, and a representative of Aust- 
ralian Institute of Surveyors as members to give general advice to the Minister on geodetic 
nd topographic surveys and aerial photography required for Commonwealth mapping purposes, 
The Commonwealth Government mapping organisations are : 
Division of National Mapping, Department of National Development, 
Royal Australian Survey Corps, Department of the Army. 
Hydrographic Branch, Royal Australian Navy. 
Snowy Mountains Hydro-Electric Authority. 
Although the Hydrographic Branch is mainly engaged on hydrographic charts, their 
activities, on some occasions are closely allied to landward mapping activities, 
The State Government mapping organisations are ;- 
Department of Public Lands, Queensland, 
Department of Lands, New South Wales, 
Department of Lands and Survey, Victoria, 
Department of Lands, South Australia. 
Department of Lands and Survey, Western Australia, 
Department of Lands, Tasmania, 
  
Some of the private organisations employed on mapping in Australia are ;- 
Adastra Airways Pty, Ltd,, Mascot, New 
Messrs Barrie & Tait Pty. Ltd,, Sydney, Ne 2 il 
Geosurveys of Australia Ltd,, Adelaide, South Australia. 
  
In addition to the above, several other governmental departments and private 
companies carry out mapping mainly for their own particular interests, This mapping only 
covers small isolated areas and is not adaptable to the main topographie mapping require- 
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