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I
I
DISCUSSION ON PRESENTED PAPERS 119
question, and I would like to suggest that we
take it up at the continuation session at 15.30,
if that would be acceptable.
I will now pass on to our next speaker, Dr
Zeidner. Dr Zeidner received his Ph.D from
Catholic University in 1954. He is now Chief
of the Research Group of the Personnel Re-
search Branch of the United States Army Re-
search and Development Centre in Washington
DC. Dr Zeidner has previously published papers
dealing with the classification of Army person-
nel, “Night Vision” and “Pilot Section”. Dr
Zeidner is a psychologist, and I understand that
a psychologist is an individual that attends a
burlesque show to watch the audience!
Dr Zeidner’s paper is entitled “Research on
Human Factors in Image Interpreter Systems”.
It is with pleasure that I introduce Dr Zeidner
to you.
Dr Zeidner then reads his paper. He con-
cluded as follows:
The paper which I believe has not been
distributed as yet gives some other indices of
performance that relate to the length of time
permitted for extraction of information and
the relative accuracy of this. Our preliminary
results seem to indicate that there might be an
optimal time to present photographs to the image
interpreters, that is giving them too much time
makes them fill time up with erroneous informa-
tion.
I should like to emphasise that the results I
have presented at this moment are of an ex-
tremely tentative nature. They are based upon
small and restricted samples of photo-inter-
preters, and on experimental performance meas-
ures. The real difficulty — if not impossibility —
of producing in an artificial test situation the
on-the-job conditions under which photo-
interpreters will actually work, is pointed out.
For this reason, real photographs that were
actually employed in the past are used to the
maximum extent,
Mr W. FISCHER: I am sorry that the time
situation requires that we continue discussion of
Dr Zeidner’s paper in the continuation session.
I should like to pass quickly on to the next
paper that will be read in short summary by Mr
Olson of the University of Illinois. Mr Olson was
educated at the University of Michigan and
Minnesota. He served as a photo-interpreter in
the United States Navy. He is now Assistant
Professor of Forestry at the University of Illi-
nois, and Head of the Illinois University's Com-
mittee of Photography. He will talk now about
his paper: “The Aerial Photography Program
at the University of Illinois *)
Mr C. E. Orsow, Jnr: I will not attempt to
summarise the paper in full. It has been repro-
duced and was available in the initial distribu-
tion of material. I have been asked to high-light
the sense of the programme at the University
of Illinois. I can do this best by pointing out
that the aerial photography programme at the
University of Illinois is now approximately two
years old. It involves seventeen different ac-
ademic departments. A brief listing of some of
these will give you the scope of the people
involved. We have anthropologists; city plan-
ners; foresters; geologists; geographers; civil
engineers; electrical engineers; mechanical en-
gineers; agronomists; agricultural economists;
chemists; psychologists; sociologists; zoologists;
and just recently some meteorologists have be-
come interested in cloud research too.
The programme has attempted to take the
photograph as a graphic record of a portion of
the energy spectrum and treat this in a manner
which will produce the most usable information
from this graphic record. Part of the problem
is a measurement of a photogrammetric prob-
lem; part of it is photo-interpretation. We have
tried not to divorce these two aspects of the
problem but to marry them together and have
each support the other. From this standpoint we
feel that the photo-interpreter must utilise the
photogrammetrist and the photogrammetrist
must utilise the photo-interpreter. To this end
we have combined teaching and research efforts:
research in measurement or in photogrammetry
and also in interpretation. The interpretation
research is both applied and basic. We have a
great feeling that there is a lack of information
as to what the energy course is that we are
actually imaging in our photograph. We seem
to know what light comes in from the atmos-
phere or through the atmosphere, but we do not
really know what happens to it after it hits its
object. We are trying to find this out.
This, then, is a combined and integrated pro-
gramme aimed at not a total but a combined
utilisation — effective utilisation — of the aerial
photograph.
Mr W. FiscHER: Thank you, Mr Olson. One
thing Mr Olson did not talk about is the reposi-
tory of photographs at the University of Illinois.
I regret that time precluded this here. How-
ever, Mr Olson's paper as well as Dr. Zeidner's
*) This paper stitches together with the Report of Working Group 2, see Part 2.
———M RE RS
ee x