ISPRS
2000
Integrating Photogrammetric Techniques with Scene
Analysis and Machine Vision Ill,
(SPIE Aerosense Symposium). WG Il/6, WG 11/8, 21st-23rd
April, 1997 in Orlando, Florida, USA.
ISPRS Workshop Theoretical and Practical Aspects of
Surface Reconstruction and 3-D Object Extraction.
WG 11/8, WG IIl/2 and WG 1Il/3, 9th-11th September 1997,
Haifa, Israel.
ISPRS Workshop From Producer to User.
WG l/2, WG 11/3 7th-9th October 1997, Boulder, Co, USA.
Workshop on Integrating SAR Data.
WG 11/4, WG 11/5. 28th April 1998, London, UK
Spatial Data Infrastructures
(SDI'98, 10th International Geomatics Conference). WG
Il/2. June 8th - 11th 1998, Ottawa, Ontario,
ISPRS Workshop on 3D Geospatial Data Production:
Meeting Application Requirements.
WG 11/6. 7th-9th April 1999, Paris, France
ISPRS Workshop on Mobile Mapping Technology
WG 11/1 21st-23rd April 1999, Bangkok Thailand.
ISPRS Conference Automatic Extraction of GIS objects
from digital imagery.
WGs 1/6, 1/8, 1/1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4. 7th-10th September
1999, Munich, Germany.
ISPRS Open meeting on transfer standards.
WG 11/7. 22nd September 1999, Stuttgart, Germany.
Second International Workshop on Dynamic and Multi-
Dimensional GIS.
WGs IV/III/1, 1V/I/2, 11/2, IV/1, IV/3, VI/3.
4th-6th October 1999. Beijing, China.
3. Research Activities and Trends
Real Time Mapping Technologies (WG 11/1)
In addition to GPS, INS and CCD cameras, integration of
laser, SAR and hyper-spectral sensors is becoming advan-
tageous in applications where not only real-time but also
all-weather and high accuracy is essential. Research in
multisensor and multiplatform-based sensor integration
and data processing will be an important topic over the
next few years, |ts applications may be found in emer-
gency management, environmental monitoring, and other
fields.
Great efforts have been made in high-accuracy real-time
navigation data using radio-link-based local DGPS correc-
tion techniques for a broad range of applications. These
will greatly improve the real-time positional accuracy of
sensor orientation. Supported by this development, and
along with the progress in GPS/INS integration, real-time
accurate sensor orientation will soon be a reality in some
parts of the world.
Intelligent processing of mobile mapping data remains a
research topic. Knowledge of camera orientation and pos-
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sible object models in the object space can be very helpful
for feature extraction, as well as for object recognition. Mul-
tiple image-based matching has found its application in
mobile mapping processing. Bayesian networks have been
actively researched and promise great potential for feature
extraction. The application of invariance theory for sensor
orientation and georeferencing in cases of weak navigation
data has attracted attention. Object recognition and feature
extraction will benefit from the availability of high quality
orientation parameters and image sequential information.
Algorithms for automatic data processing, such as model-
based object recognition, multiple image-based matching
and Hopfield and Bayesian networks have found applica-
tions in mobile mapping data processing.
Software and Modelling Aspects for Integrated GIS
(WG 11/2)
Two of the main focuses concerning three dimensional
data in GIS are the data acquisition on one side and the
management and modelling of 3D data on the other. Work
has been going on to use airborne laser scanning for high
resolution mapping. 3D data has also been created from
moving vehicles. New concepts for integrating the data
components to create detailed large scale realistic 3D
models have been developed. Methods combine the gen-
eration of 2D building information with a data structure and
with topological models to manage them in context with a
digital surface model. Generally, performance still seems
to be a problem but further technical developments in the
field of digital acquisition techniques will have 3D GIS
applications combined with acquisition techniques as one
of the main future topics in the field.
Time stamps as the most basic way to store time parameters
may be regarded as a database application more than as a
specific GIS. The GIS way would be to apply GIS operators
to objects, with time as an additional dimension or separate
level. Yet there still seems to be sufficient demand for further
studies regarding a consistent time management in GIS. At
least, we have not seen any sort of satisfying implementation.
There is an interest in using fuzzy techniques, algorithms
and applications, and there is work on integration of fuzzy
rules and neural networks in GIS modelling for land use
classification with different layers and parameters. Visuali-
sation standards, and also spatial analysis through the
Internet, advance at high speed. These are topics which
will be of considerable interest in the future.
Spatial Data Handling Technologies (WG 11/3)
Rapid development in Web-based services using the Inter-
net is continuing and distributed search and retrieval for
distribution is a major issue. Many new tools, mostly
based on Java, are being developed. New fully commercial
end-to-end providers are entering the Earth observation
market, providing very high resolution data at high pro-
cessing levels via the Internet. They will meet the increas-
ing demands of faster satellite data distribution. The lack
of globally accepted standards and non-existing co-ordi-
nation in related fields leads to different metadata stan-
dards, protocols and incompatible services being devel-
oped and this continues to be a problem.
Systems for Processing SAR Data (WG 11/4)
The key trend in SAR data processing is in the use of
International Archives of Photogrammerty and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXIII, Part A. Amsterdam 2000.
