l- 
al 
- that the IIF work within the ISPRS structure to conduct 
its activities and for closer collaboration with CEOS 
and the Integrated Global Observing Strategy (IGOS). 
Resolutions of Technical Commission | 
Resolution 1.1 Collaboration with CEOS 
The Congress 
Noting 
that the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites 
(CEOS) has accorded Affiliate Membership to ISPRS 
that coordination of EO missions and allied activities (e.g. 
calibration/validation activities; application activities; EO 
information services activities; EO education and training 
activities etc) are the major aims of CEOS and ISPRS and 
that they could mutually gain by working together 
Recognising 
the need to strengthen international coordination of EO 
missions 
the need to bring together the government and private 
sector in various EO activities - space, ground and util- 
isation segments 
Recommends that 
ISPRS actively work with CEOS to achieve co-opera- 
tion and coordination in EO R&D activities 
ISPRS work with CEOS to foster public/private collab- 
oration in EO R&D activities 
ISPRS support and contribute to the EO education and 
training efforts world-wide and specifically focus on 
newer technology elements. 
Resolution 1.2 Standardisation of sensor parameters 
The Congress 
Noting 
that a number of earth observation sensors with similar 
capabilities are available and planned by various space 
agencies/manufacturers 
that users will have to use data from more than one 
sensor for their specific applications 
Recognising 
that such usage requires good understanding of the 
sensor parameters 
that there is currently no uniform way of specifying sen- 
sor parameters 
Recommends 
the generation of a common set of parameters to be 
specified for each camera / sensor in conjunction with 
manufacturers. 
Resolution 1.3 Radiometric and geometric calibration 
The Congress 
Noting 
that the number of high resolution, multispectral and 
hyper-spectral imaging sensors in space is increasing 
that radiometric calibration of data from these sensors is 
essential for quantitative environmental and ecological 
research with multispectral image data 
that data from various sensors has to be used for long- 
term observations and for change detection 
that various test fields exist or are planned for calibration 
that the accuracy potential of high resolution digital imag- 
ing systems in space is better than 10 m and thus appro- 
priate for the production or updating of topographic 
(image) maps of scale 1:50,000 and larger 
International Archives of Photogrammerty and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXIII, Part A. Amsterdam 2000. 
- that accurate and reliable geometric calibration parame- 
ters of these digital imaging systems are a precondition 
to taking full advantage of their accuracy potential to pro- 
duce high quality photogrammetric products, such as 
DEM, orthoimages, etc. 
Recognising 
- that natural testsites have been successfully used for 
calibration of certain sensors 
- that high-precision models for radiation transfer 
through the atmosphere exist 
- that the geometric laboratory calibrated parameters 
need to be confirmed or updated in orbit by inflight cal- 
ibration methods using large area test-sites with highly 
accurate ground truth 
- that highly accurate geometric calibration of digital 
imaging systems places high demands on laboratory 
calibration equipment and that this task is costly and 
time-consuming 
- that varying geometric calibration concepts for differ- 
ent digital imaging systems exist which show different 
accuracy characteristics 
Recommends 
- investigations of calibration and intercalibration of all 
digital imaging space sensors 
- that all existing and planned test fields be identified 
and their spatial, spectral and physical characteristics 
be inventoried 
- that collaboration be established with other bodies study- 
ing ground test fields with known spectral reflectance 
characteristics which can be used for calibration. 
Resolution 1.4 Wide swath sensors 
The Congress 
Noting 
- that wide swath systems, e.g. SPOT Vegetation, IRS, 
WIFS, Sea WIFS, MODIS etc, are now available with 
various spectral and spatial resolutions 
- that such systems’ responses are subject to bi-directional 
reflectance factors, sun angle etc. due to the wide swath 
Recognising 
- that this data could be used to study long-term 
changes, especially in vegetative cover 
Recommends 
- studies to understand the effect of viewing geometry 
on the radiometric accuracy of the products. 
Resolution 1.5 Sensors for DTM data generation 
The Congress 
Noting 
- that a number of optical systems specifically designed 
to generate DTMs are planned for the future 
- that interferometric SAR has proven its capability to 
generate DTMs 
- that airborne laser systems are operational 
- that substantial parts of the world still do not have topo- 
graphic maps of desired scale and accuracy 
Recognising 
- that terrain height / slope is an important parameter for 
many applications 
Recommends 
- intensification of detailed study on the accuracy and 
cost-effectiveness of various techniques 
- identification of standard sites for inter-comparison 
and evaluation of different methods. 
  
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2000