Erian, Wadid 
  
The Use of the Ordinary Kriging Techniques in measuring the sustainability in 
Sugar Beet Area, Nubariya, Egypt. 
Erian!, W. F. and Yacoub?, R, K. 
'Soil Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University 
? Soil, Water and Environment Research Institute. 
ABSTRACT 
One of the most important indicators that illustrate the success of the sustainability in the newly reclaimed 
lands in Egypt is the increase of the stabilization. In this study, a set of villages represents a small part of Nubariya 
region and known as Sugar Beet area will be monitored as one cluster. 
This study depends on the use of GIS for the correlation between the geo-statistical analysis and the analytical 
approach. The effective soil depth, the soil salinity, and the available moisture content data of the different villages have 
been used to determine their impact on community stability, agricultural production, and economic social status as 
indicators of stabilization and sustainability. 
The effective soil depth, soil salinity, and available moisture content data of the different villages of 526 observations 
were used for interpolated by using Ordinary Kriging. Two types of data were used for interpolating the effective soil 
depth of the area to improve the quality of the maps. The first used the data observed from the field in grid system with 
spacing distance of 1000 meters and add some proposed observations at the edges of the area to reduce the error of 
missing information. The values of added observation were selected according to the nearest observation and in the 
same soil map unit. The second type used the information from the satellite image of the area (April 1998) to add some 
observations to the edges of the area. Correlation and regression analyses were performed, using the *SPSS" software. 
Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used as different approach to analyze the relation between the effective soil depth 
data and the different soil map units. The result of the interpolated map was compared with the classified satellite image 
of to see how much it is acceptable. 
Our analysis of the above-mentioned aspects, with emphasis on their availability and efficiency, will be used to interpret 
d the rate of stability in the different villages and identify factors promoting or suppressing the sustainability of these 
en communities. 
on The decision-makers at local and regional levels can use these geo-information products in planning sustainable land 
management and sustainable development. 
  
Key words: Agric. Sustainability, GIS and Geo-statistical analysis. 
1. Introduction: 
Egypt most essentials targets by the beginning of the Twenty First Century, is to achieve Egypt's dream by leaving 
jer the narrow valley and move towards the wide Egypt especially after the population in the Nile Valley has reached its 
utmost. According to (El Ganzory, 1997) by the end of this century, the cultivated area reached 7.8 million feddan 
(feddan — 0.42 hectares), the inhabited area reached 12.5 million feddan, and the population reached 62 million people. 
Hence the individual's share from the cultivated land lessened to 0.13 feddan from the inhabited area reached 0.2 
feddan. On one hand, there are continuous increase in the cultivated land and the inhabited area; on the other hand the 
! individual's share is also continuously decreasing. Accordingly moving out to the desert from the old valley is not 
r merely a choice but it is an essential condition for life to go on for the present and future generations. The government 
f current objectives are directed towards establishing new urban and rural communities in which the Egyptian investors 
and universities and the institutes’ graduates can reside in. Such objective represents very essential and courageous 
re, 
solutions for the development movement in Egypt. 
Sugar Beet Area is of about 74,610 fed. It represents one of the newly reclaimed areas in the west of the Nile delta, 
Figure (1). It is divided into 5 zones and subdivided into 35 villages distributed on the years 1989 — 1992 over 9293 
settler as part of national project for graduate’s allocation, the villages location are shown in Map (1). At the start of 
el lunching the community 100% of the land was given to graduates, either from universities or high institutes. The actual 
situation is that only 30.47% of the graduates are still permanently settling in the area, and traditional farmers now 
cultivate the majority of the land (SIDES, 1999). 
The assessment of stability of the new rural community such as in Sugar Beet Area, the system must fulfill a set of 
zu requirements. For instance, it is important to assess the natural resources (presented as soil qualities and uncultivated 
, areas) and its impact on the social acceptably (presented as settling percentage), economic viability (presented as 
village's income and main crops production). 
  
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXIII, Part B7. Amsterdam 2000. 403