Erian, Wadid
in villages 1, 14, 16, and El Olla and the minimum is less than 3000 LE in villages 10 and 25. In the
meantime the annual average income per person is around 900 LE (0.7 US$/day). The maximum is
more than 1500 LE (1.18 US$/day) in village 14 and 16, and the minimum is less than 650 LE (0.53
US$/day) in villages 5, Salama Hegazi and 25. Accordingly the total annual income per person in most
of the villages is below the poverty line, which is one US$/day/person — UNDP (1998). Thus,
promoting the economical power of such society, and introducing types of production of * additional
value" will help develop the individuals economic abilities, and upgrade their life-styles and stability.
— It appeared that the impact of land quality limitations on settler’s loyalty to the land was recognized
and that the settlement percentages are very low since in the other hand the limitations are very high.
Table (8) Statistical Correlation of the Soil Quality Limitations and their Impact on Economic Validity, Social
Viability and Community Stability.
Indicator code C3 U FIN PIN Se
Areas with sever limitations C3 -.021 -0.089 -.220
Uncultivated Areas U ,$77** -0.170 -0.085 -.502**
Wheat Production W -.585** -.519* 0.364* 0.143 .320
Wheat Net Income Wi -.544** -.528** 0,353* 0.132 .346*
Beans Production B -.212 -.005 0.397* 0.357" 202
Beans Net Income Bi -.174 .004 0.134 0.066 -.104
Tomato Production T -S2l]** -.431* 0.188 -0.001 173
Tomato Net Income Ti -.240 -.296 0.233 0.257 .201
Maize Production M -.404* -.340 0.443** 0.146 .326
Maize Net Income Mi -.226 -.340 0.451** 0.431** .383
Clover Production Cl .063 „157 0.157 0.181 .049
Clover Net Income Cli -.223 -.188 -0.060 0.043 .145
Never Attended to school N .044 .149 -0.454** -0.474** -.030
Dropped out from school D -.004 -.165 0.357* -0.062 .036
Illiteracy I .094 .048 -0.221 -0.634** -.105
Unemployment Uem -.420* -.337 -0.114 -0.258 -.027
CDA CDA .013 -.251 0.015 -0.043 115
Mother & Child Care MC .299 -.081 (.SSS** 0.200 -.058
Filling of Security S .306 .307 -0.229 -0.152 -.127
Settling Se 0.176 0.265
x* Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed)
x Correlation is significant at the 0.05 level (2-tailed)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors would like to convey their sincere thanks and gratitude to Caritas Egypt — Sustainable
Integrated Development and Environment Sector, for allowing them to use their Soil & Water
laboratory equipment and chemicals for analyzing all the soil samples and providing the Hardware's
and Software of SIDES-MIC (Management Information Center). Also, for supplying them with the
social and economical data of 1998 survey. The survey was implemented under the authors
supervision and in cooperation with CAPMAS (The Central Agency for Puplic Mobilization and
Statistics), license no. 624/1998 published in El-Wakaa El Masria, issue no. 290 on 20 December 1998,
covering Sugar Beet area (35 villages), Nubariya, Egypt.
4. References:
Black C. A. (1982). * Methods of Soil Analysis. Part 2, Chemical and Microbiological Properties".
Agronomy series no. 9, ASA, SSSA, Medison, Wisconsin, USA.
418
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXIII, Part B7. Amsterdam 2000.
