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IAPRS & SIS, Vol.34, Part 7, “Resource and Environmental Monitoring”, Hyderabad, India, 2002 
7.1 Brackish Water Aquaculture Site Selection 
In India, the aquaculture development started with essentially to 
provide employment in rural coastal areas as well as to increase 
the export to developing countries. Aquaculture development 
and planning require comprehensive data on land use and water 
resources. IRS LISS II data was utilised to prepare coastal land 
use maps on 1:50,000 scale along the Indian coast. These maps 
show wetland features between high and low water lines and 
land use features of the adjoining shore (up to 1.5 km from 
high waterline). The land use/wetland information has been 
used for evaluating quality of the surrounding coastal waters, as 
this information was not available in most of the cases. The 
spatial distribution of mud/tidal flat areas, which are -most 
suitable from substrate condition point of view give idea about 
potential available for brackish water aquaculture. These maps 
have been used by the Central and State Fisheries departments 
for evaluating proposed sites as well as for selecting new sites 
and reassessing potential for brackish water aquaculture. These 
maps along with other engineering, biological, meteorological, 
socio-economic and infrastructure related parameters were 
integrated using GIS for evaluating site suitability (Gupta et al. 
1995, 2001). Site evaluation is carried out to determine whether 
site is suitable or not and to appreciate about requirements to 
make the site suitable. This procedure had ensured development 
for brackish water aquaculture with minimum damage to the 
ecology of the area. 
7.2 Coastal Regulation Zone 
The increasing pressure on the coastal zone due to 
concentration of population, development of industries, 
discharge of waste effluents and municipal sewage and spurt in 
recreational activities, has adversely affected the coastal 
environment. The population of coastal districts is increasing 
REFERENCES 
Anon. 1992. Agenda 21, United Nations Conference on 
Environment and Development, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, June 3- 
14, 1992. pp. 215-249. 
Baba, M. and Nayak, S. 2002. Muddy coasts of India. In 
Muddy Coasts of the World: Processes, Deposits and Function 
(Eds. T. Healy, Y. Wang and J. A. Healy). Elsevier Science B. 
V. pp. 375-390. 
Bahuguna, A. and Nayak, S. 1998. Coral reefs of Indian Coast. 
Scientific Note, Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad. 
SAC/RSA/RSAG/DOD-COS/SN/16/98, 56 p. 
Blasco, F. and Aizpuru, M. 2002. Mangrove along the coastal 
stretch of the Bay of Bengal: present status. Indian Jour. Of 
Marine Sci. 31(1): pp. 9-20. 
Chan, L. C. and Rau, J. Y. 1998. Detection of shoreline changes 
for tideland areas using multi-temporal satellite images. Inter. 
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Chauhan, P., Nayak, S., Ramesh, R., Krishnamoorthy, R. and 
Ramachandran, S. 1996. Remote sensing of suspended 
375 
through out the coastal areas in the world. In India, the 
population on coastal regions is likely to increase to from 15 
per cent at present to almost 40 per cent in next decade. In view 
of this, coastal stretches of bays, estuaries, backwaters, seas, 
creeks, which are influenced by tidal action up to 500 m from 
High Tide Line (HTL) and the land between the Low Tide Line 
(LTL) and the HTL has been declared as the Coastal Regulation 
Zone (CRZ). Maps showing wetland features between HTL and 
LTL and coastal land use features up to 500 m from HTL on 
1:25,000 scales for the entire Indian coast, using IRS LISS II 
and SPOT data were prepared. These maps provided condition 
of land use and wetlands during 1990-91, just before the 
notification of CRZ issued by the Govt. of India. It was 
observed that large-scale reclamation of wetlands have been 
carried out for residential, industrial, commercial and 
agricultural purposes. Temporal nature of the IRS data has been 
used to prove time of reclamation in few cases. CRZ maps are 
being used by the State Governments to prepare coastal zone 
management plans (Gupta et al. 2000). Recently, Govt. of 
India has issued a notification to use satellite data for 
preparation of 1:25,000 scale maps for regional planning. 
Efforts are continuing to use remote sensing data on cadastral 
level. The interaction between various activities conducted in 
the coastal zones need to be assessed. This would ensure 
judicious development of coastal zone without endangering the 
environment and ecology. 
-— 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 
I am extremely grateful to Dr. A. K. S. Gopalan, Director, 
Space Applications Centre, Ahmedabad for his valuable 
support and constant encouragement. Thanks are to my 
colleague Dr. Anjali Bahuguna, Dr. M. C. Gupta, Shri A. S. 
Rajawat, Shri R. S. Rao and Shri R. K. Sarangi for helping me 
for preparing the manuscript. 
sediments along the Tamil Nadu Coastal waters. J. Ind. Soc. 
Remote Sensing, 24 (3): pp.105-114. 
Chauhan, P. and Nayak, S. 1995. Shoreline Change — mapping 
from space: a case study on the Indian coast. Inter. In the proc. 
Of the Workshop on International Mapping from Space. IRS & 
ISPRS WG IV/2, pp.130-140. 
Desai, P.S., Narain, A., Nayak, S. R., Manikiam, B., Adiga, S. 
and Nath, A. N. 1991. IRS 1A applications for coastal and 
marine resources. Current Science, 61 (3 & 4): pp..204-208. 
Dwivedi, R. M. et al. 2002. Potential of onboard IRS P4 (OCM) 
for exploration of scombroids in the Indian seas. In 
Management of Scombroid Fishery, CMFRI, Kochi, pp. 82-89. 
Gao, J. 1999a. A comparative study on spatial and spectral 
resolutions of satellite data in mapping mapping mangrove 
forests. Inter. Jour. Of Remote Sens., 20 (14): pp. 2823-2833. 
Gao, J. 1999b. Evaluation of SPOT HRV data in mapping 
mangrove forests in a temperate zone. Geocarto International, 
14 (3): pp. 43-50. 
Gao, J. 1998. A hybrid method towards accurate mapping of 
mangroves in a marginal habitat from SPOT multi-spectral 
data. Inter. Jour. Remote Sens., 19 (10) : pp. 1887-1900.