JAPRS & SIS, Vol.34, Part 7, “Resource and Environmental Monitoring", Hyderabad, India.2002
Table 1. ANPP and optimal fodder availability for various
vegetation types in the Mandakini sub-watershed
Vegetation ANPP (t/ha/year) op
Types Tree Shrub Herb | Total odder
layer layer layer (t/ha/year)
AG --- --—- = 2.00 2.00
GA --- --—- --- 2.43 0.73
GL --- --- --- 2.11 0.63
PFI 6.10 0.02 2.80 8.92 0.84
PF2 14.20 0.20 1.50 15.90 0.48
OFI 11.00 0.70 2.00 13.70 0.91
OF2 16.30 0.90 1.50 18.70 0.79
MF1 13.40 1.20 1.80 16.40 0.62
MF2 8.60 1.40 1.80 11.80 0.75
BRF 9.60 0.19 2.20 12.00 0.69
FDBF 7.60 0.14 1.00 8.74 0.32
SCL --- --—- --- 1.00 0.30
(NOTE: AG: Agriculture, GA: Alpine Grasslands, GL: Low
altitude Grasslands, PF1: Pine-Closed Forest, PF2: Pine-Open
to poor Forest, OF1: Banj Oak Forest, OF2: Kharsu/Tilonj Oak
Forest, MF1: Oak-Pine Mixed-Closed Forest, MF2: Oak-Pine
Mixed-open to poor Forest, BRF: Birch/Rhododendron Forest,
FDBF: Fir/Deodar/Blue-pine forest, SCL: Scrubland.)
5.4 Non-spatial Data Analysis
The non-spatial attribute data is in form of two databases i)
containing the data pertaining to vegetation (type-wise) Net
Aboveground Primary Productivity (ANPP) updated for land
cover/vegetation layer, and ii) socio-economic data regarding
population, households from census records for all villages and;
livestock and related extensive data pertaining to fodder
consumption for village boundaries layer for sample villages.
Various types of animals were converted into animal units.
Latter, relationships were derived between number of
households and animal units, and; animal units versus fodder
consumption to arrive at generalization of the animal units and
consumption for each stratum.
5.4 Data Integration
The spatial — non-spatial databases were related in GIS
environment by using available tools. The updated land
cover/vegetation layer and village layer have been integrated in
GIS using overlay techniques. The integrated layer has the
attribute non-spatial data on ANPP as well as fodder
consumption data stored in the polygon attribute table, which
could be conveniently converted into PC based FoxPro
compatible database.
6. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
6.1 Fodder Availability
The total fodder availability in the Mandakini sub-watershed is
263635 t/year. However, when looked separately for village
area (revenue land), it is 107322 t/year and for non-revenue
land it is 156313 t/year. Based on the ecological principles, the
sustainable amount (optimal) that can be extracted (30 % of
ANPP) is limited to 119609 t/year for the entire Mandakini sub-
watershed. For village area (revenue land), it is 62803 t/year
and for non-revenue land it is 53806 t/year. The fodder
availability from grasslands is 7792 t/year (optimal) and 25947
year (total). The contribution from forests is 54447 t/year
(optimal) and 178500 t/year (total). A detail of fodder
availability from various land cover/vegetation classes is given
in table-2.
Table 2. Various land cover / vegetation types and fodder
availability in the Mandakini sub-Watershed
Vege- Fodder availability (t/y
tation Revenue land Non-revenue land Total Mandakini
Class OPT Total OPT Total OPT Total
AG 43697 43697 9812 9812 53509 53509
GA 240 800 5361 17850 5601 18650
GL 1269 4227 922 3070 2191 7297
PFI 4167 13875 2477 8250 6644 22125
PF2 1413 4707 561 1868 1974 6575
OFI 4859 16181 14779 49216 19638 65397
OF2 2025 6742 5897 19638 8767 26380
MF1 1198 3991 3586 11941 4784 15932
MF2 2854 9502 2203 7337 5057 16839
BRF 0.00 0.00 1317 4384 1317 4384
FDBF 254 847 6012 20021 6266 20868
SCL 827 2753 879 2926 1706 5679
Total 62803 107322 53806 156313 116609 263635
6.2 Fodder Surplus / Deficit Status
Certain interesting facts emerge from the surplus / deficit
analysis of fodder availability in the Mandakini sub-watershed.
The scenario seems to be on surplus side in terms of fodder
availability (73565 t/year) when total extraction is considered
which is seldom suggested. On the other hand optimal
extraction scenario indicates grim picture with availability as
low as —73461 t/year. These aforesaid figures are far from truth
if, one looks at the availability within the revenue land which is
-127267 t/year (optimal) and -82748 t/y (total). However, the
overall surplus / deficit of fodder is —73461 t/year (optimal) and
*73565 t/year (total). The details for revenue land and non-
revenue land are given in the table-3. Out of 451 villages, 92
villages show surplus fodder availability at optimal level of
extraction. However, when total extraction is considered 169
villages have surplus fodder. On the other hand 359 villages fall
under deficit category of fodder availability at optimal
extraction and 282 villages are under deficit category even
when total extraction is considered. There are 85 villages
showing deficit availability of fodder above 75 per cent at
optimal level extraction and 73 villages at total extraction.
Interestingly there are 20 villages, which have more than 75 per
cent surplus fodder availability. To appreciate the problem in
grater detail all the villages have been grouped into certain
classes based on range of percentages pertaining to optimal and
total extraction scenarios (table 4). The status of surplus/deficit
villages for fodder at optimal extraction are shown in fig. 2
while for total extraction is given fig. 3.
Table 3. Overall fodder availability in the Mandakini
sub-watershed
Surplus / Revenue | Non-revenue Total
Deficit land land Mandakini
Optimal -127267 +53805 -73461
extraction
Tota) = „82748 +156313 +73565
Extraction
676
