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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B2. Istanbul 2004
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Figure 9. Top View (top) and end view (bottom) of 2D OISs
Figure 10a. 3-D OIS with geometrically corrected map
Figure 10b. 3-D View of Draped OIS (Separated Layers)
3.5 Datasets Merger
Table 1 list all the features digitized within the IHS. For the
convenience of processing, these features are overlaid and
merged together to create a new map. The measured features
and extracted data include all the required data for the OIS
analysis and their accuracies are better than the accuracy
required for obstruction identification.
Features # of objects
Buildings 1120
Residential Areas 533
Recovered Towers 3
Tree Areas 233
Airfield Features 1?
Roads (7)
Rivers (2)
Ponds (1)
Bridges (2)
SUM 1890
Table 1. Digitized airfield objects within HIS
4. OBSTRUCTION IDENTIFICATION AND
RISK-RATING RESULTS
Al the digitized airfield objects that protrude the OISs are
identified to support a safe flying environment. These
identification results can help airport managers to check if their
airfields meet the new safety requirements. To provide a clear
view of the priorities of airfield obstructions to airport
managers, the identified obstructions are classified into three
risk categories by assessing risk index scores. A R/ is computed
for each obstruction as a weighted sum of four risk factors,
each corresponding to evidence upon which the risk evaluation
is based. A larger RI score implies that the obstruction is more
dangerous. The equation reads:
RI obstruction wR, + wok, wW3R; ! wR,
wirt. www tw = (1)
where R; is the risk score of factor / (1 to 4); w; is the weight of
factor i. The higher the weight, the more influence a particular
factor will have in the index model. Each risk factor is assessed
a score within the range of | to 5 as shown in Table 2.
: Low Median High
Risk levels
1 2 3 1 s
Distance (m) « 2286 = 1000 600 300 100
OHS, IHS.
Location ES PS E AS
C/OHATS P/ATS
: Residential Objects within Towers,
Type Mountains P. rees
houses SV TW buildings
OHS. i c SAS. IHs.
Protrusion N/A PS. CS
C/OHATS PAATS
Table 2. Risk levels of four risk factors
Four risk factors are evaluated to take into account distance,
location, type and protruding condition as described below:
- Distance factor A, is measured by the distance of an
obstruction from the centerline of a runway. The risk levels
are determined by the distance from the HIS laver within
2,286 meters.
- Location factor R, is measured by the position of an
obstruction related to OIS. Different OIS layers are assigned
with different risk levels.
- Type factor R; is measured by the obstruction types,
including buildings, trees. houses, mountains etc. For
example, buildings are more dangerous than trees.
- Protrusion factor R, is the measurement of the protruding
condition. An obstruction protrudes any OIS has a risk level
2
