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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B2. Istanbul 2004
approximately the same area, although such data is acquired
approximately 55 second later than the nadir looking data.
Higher level data is also available. Higher level product
includes relative reflectance/emissivity,
reflectance/temperature/emissivity after atmospheric correction,
DEM/Ortho-rectified image. To keep the quality of the product,
version up of the algorithm is sometimes conducted.
ASTER Standard & Semi-standard Products
Product Name Description
Level 1A V:15m,S:30m, T:90m
Level 1B V:15m,S:30m, T:90m
2A02 Relative SpeciaEmissivity 90m
2A03 V, Relative Spectral Reflectance 15m
2A03 S VNIR, SWIR 30m
2B01 V, Surface Radiance 15m
2B01 S. VNIR, SWIR, TIR 30m
2B01 T 90m
2B05 V, Surface Reflectance 15m
2B05 5 VNIR, SWIK 30m
2B03 Surface Temperature 90m
2B04 SurfaceEmissivity
3A01 Orthographic Image '"VI5m*DEM. S30m-DEM.T904- DEM
4A01Z Relative DEM Z Z (Default 30m)
Table 2 Product List of ASTER Data
Once product is generated in the ASTER GDS, data can be
distributed in form of CD-ROM or by network. In the beginning
of the ASTER operation, most of the data distribution are by
CCD, but, recently, reflecting the development of high speed
network, on line distribution becomes more and more popular.
One scene of LIB product is about 120 MB, and that of L3A,
240 MB. Therefore, the time for data transfer is not significant.
This network distribution becomes available not only in North
America, Europe, Korea, Japan, but also in some countries in
South-Eastern Asia. This capability increases the world wide
data use, jointly because of the payment by credit card.
Data search is one of the key factors for data distribution. Since
the archived scene number already exceeds 700 thousands,
efficient data search is mandatory requirement. Since the orbit
of Terra could be shifted by +/- 20 km from the nominal orbit,
and also because the 60 km swath is less than the distance
between two adjacent path, simple sorting by the path cannot be
applied and a special S/W is devised for quick search. But, for
specific area, faster search method from selected data set is also
in operation.
Once data is distributed, user should read the data as the first
step. ASTER GDS is distributed aster data in EOS HDF and
CEOS. Initially, the EOS HDF format was not very popular.
But, recently, there are more and more Image Processing S/W
or GIS S/W began supporting EOS HDS data. By this way, full
capability of ASTER data can be efficiently used.
3. CONCLUSION
1) By checking ASTER data, we will be able to conclude that
the overall performance is as expected. Especially,
following factors seemed to be technologically difficult, but
were successful: a) Band to Band registration; b) Geometric
accuracy; c) S/N, especially in 5 band TIR; d) Dynamic
scheduling
2) There were a few features to be improved: a) Cross talk in
SWIR. b) Coverage of the target area : The swath of the data
is 60 km, while the distance between two adjacent paths is
172 km. To cover the targct arca, ASTER sensor should pass
687
more than 3 times c) Improvement of cloud evaluation
algorithm.
In addition, ASTER has been operating for more than 4 years
without major problem. So, its operation will be extended to
2007, beyond the design life time..
4. REFERENCES
I. Yamaguchi, Y., Tsu, H.. and Fujisada, H.,1993: Scientific
Basis of ASTER instrument design. Proc. SPIE, Vol. 1939,
p.150-160
2. Fujisada, H.,1994: Overview of ASTER instrument on EOS-
AMI platform, Proc. SPIE, Vol. 2268, p.14-36
3. Yamaguchi, Y., Tsu, H., Kahle, A. B., and Nichols, D.
A.,1994: ASTER instrument design and science objectives,
American Institute of Aeronautics Paper, No. 94-0597, 7p
4. Watanabe, H.,1995: Development of ASTER Ground Data
System, Journal of The Remote Sensing Society of Japan,
Vol.15, No.2, pp24 (116)-27(119)
5. Fujisada, H. and Watanabe, H.,1994: ASTER Level-1 data
processing concept, Proc. SPIE Vol.2317, pp6-17, Rome, Italy
6. Yamaguchi, Y. etal.,1995 ASTER Data Acquisition
Scenario, Proc. SPIE, Vol.2583, pp.41-50, Paris, France
7. Watanabe, H. and Sato, I. , 1995: Preliminary Design
Concept of ASTER Ground Data System. Proc. SPIE,
V 01.2583, pp.26-40, Paris, France
8. Watanabe, H., Tsu, H., and Sato, 1.,1998: Technical
Challenge of the ASTER Ground Data System. Proc. SPIE,
Vol.3498, pp.45-52, Barcelona, Spain
9. Sato, I., Watanabe, H., and Tsu, H.,1999: Technical
Challenge of the ASTER Ground Data System. Proc. SPIE,
Vol.3870, pp.548-554, Barcelona, Spain
10. Tonooka, H. 2003: . Proc. SPIE, Vol. *%% pp 33.04%
Barcelona, Spain
11. Miura,A. T. Inada, Y. Kannari,H. Watanabe,2002 :
Operation of ASTER and its data production, Proc. SPIE, Vol.
*e* pp. **-** Sicily, Ttaly
