EXTERIOR ORIENTATION FOR REMOTE SENSING IMAGE WITH HIGH
RESOLUTION BY LINEAR FEATURE
Jianqing Zhang Hongwei Zhang Zuxun Zhang
College of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University
#129 Loyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R.China 430070
jazhang@supresoft.com.en, zZhwIx_wuhan(àsina.com, zxzhang@supresoft.com.en
KEY WORDS: Remote Sensing, Photogrammetry, Updating, High Resolution, Image, Feature, Vector, Orientation
ABSTRACT:
An automatic approach to the exterior orientation by using linear primitives such as rivers and roads, which are extracted from the
image and match to the existing vector data, is presented in this paper. Because the automatic identifying line features is much easier
than point features, so that the observations are increased significantly and the exterior orientation can be improved. Proposed
approach creates the possibilities for automatic exterior orientation in special data updating and the registration of multi-resolution
remote sensing images. The exterior orientation is based on automatic linear object extraction and generalized point photogrammetry,
so called generalized point it means that collinearity equation is still used for linear primitives, which is divided into three phases. In
the first phase, by using three coarse conjugate point pairs defined manually a global affine transformation between remote sensing
image and vector map is determined, which provide initial corresponding relation between image and map for automatic linear
feature extraction. Based on the high accuracy extraction algorithm, the linear objects are optimized automatically in the second
phase. In the third phase, the exterior parameters of remote sensing image with high resolution are computed based on the linear
object segments by the generalized point photogrammetry. Proposed method can used for both affine transformation and second
order polynomial for remote sensing image. Within the study, some experiments are carried out for a number of images with high
resolution. All of the results of the experiments show that the approach mentioned above is feasible and very efficient.
1. INTRODUCTION
It is now widely accepted that photogrammetry has reached the
digital age and that many processes can be carried out more
efficiently using digital data than with hard copy images. It is
by no means yet accepted that digital methods can offer savings
in time and cost across the board and it is likely that the
development of more robust automatic techniques will be
needed before this can happen. The automatic exterior
orientation of remote sensing imagery is a promising task in
photogrammetry and remote sense, which is usually completely
performed by a human operator in the Digital Photogrammetric
Systems existing today.
The need of making map revision arises due to the addition or
removal of terrain features. The rapid changes in the map
contents and the need for up-to-date maps have compelled
surveyors to focus their attention to the development of faster
and more economical map revision processes. Photogrammetric
techniques and satellite techniques are main means for the map
revision, in which remote sensing imagery are effective and
economical data source. In the processing the captured image,
the first step is calculating the parameters of image position and
orientation.
Exterior orientation for remote sensing image is a prerequisite
for its geo-reference, which was solved using a number of well-
defined ground control points (GCPs) traditionally. It is a time
consuming operation because the GCPs were measured
manually and the recognition of control points was very
difficult. Generations of researchers have worked hard to
improve this process.
It is essential that the same feature is identified from the image
and the reference data. In view of these issues, other researchers
have investigated the use of higher-level geometric features
such as lines or curves as observed geometric entities to
improve the automation for estimating exterior parameters,
which also improve robustness and accuracy. With the recent
trend towards automatic extraction and recognition of features
from digital imagery, it is becoming advantageous to utilize
features in photogrammetric applications. Those features can be
used to increase the redundancy and improve the geometric
strength of photogrammetric adjustments. In addition, it is
easier to automatically extract features than distinct points from
imagery. In the literature many advantages of using line
observations instead of points can be found. The most
prominent advantage is the better automation potential for
extraction and measurement of lines in digital imagery (Burns,
1986). From the geometrical point of view lines have the
advantage that they only have to be partly visible in the image,
and this does not have to be the same part for image and
corresponding map.
An automatic approach to the exterior orientation by using
linear primitives such as rivers and roads, which are extracted
from the image and match to the existing vector data, is
presented in this paper. Because the automatic identifying line
features is much easier than point features, so that the
observations are increased significantly and the exterior
orientation can be improved. Proposed approach creates the
possibilities for automatic exterior orientation in special data
updating and the registration of multi-resolution remote sensing
images.
“jgzhang@supresoft.com.cn, Tel: 86-27-87561116; Fax: 86-27-87561011
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