International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B3. Istanbul 2004 
  
year 2000. In the study of SSI all the buildings in Turkey are 
classified into 19 categories by means of their characteristics 
and 7 of them are used in this study, which are; completed year 
of building, usage of building, structural system of the building, 
floor area of the building, btal floor area of the building, 
number of stories of the building and physical case of the 
building. 
  
Figure 1. Districts of Istanbul 
Although all the characteristics for whole buildings are 
determined and classified by SSI; the geographic locations of 
the buildings are unknown. The only specified geographic 
location is in the neighborhood scale. Buildings are 
geographically referenced to their neighborhood. In this 
concept GIS is used to convert the building data of SSI to be 
geographic with the scale of neighborhood and enabled 
appropriate analysis. 
3. EVALUATION OF THE BUILDINGS 
Distinctively determining the characteristics of an historic urban 
area and expressing it in a visual manner has a vital importance 
by means of constituting planning and design stages. In this 
point of view, the objective is to perform the spatial analysis 
which will facilitate the stages of planning and design by using 
GIS functions. The analyses are constrained by the extent of the 
data and it is intended to evaluate the buildings that live in the 
historic core of the city. 
The study area consists of three districts and totally there are 
72564 individual buildings and 16528 of them have a historic 
value. In this study the main idea is to bring out and evaluate 
the historic pattern and physical quality of the urban fabric 
therefore different kinds of analyses have been done. The 
percentage of historic buildings, ratio between historic buildings 
floor area and total area, ratio between historic and non-historic 
building construction areas; change in the build-up space and 
physical quality of buildings are the main analyses. 
3.1. The Percentage of Historic Buildings 
The buildings which were build between 1929 and 1939 timely 
in Second National Architecture Period and buildings 
completed before 1939 were accepted as historic buildings. 
“Completed year of buildings" category of SSI was used in 
order to compute this analysis. 
  
Figure 2. Percentage of Historic Buildings 
Stating the percentage of historic buildings in neighborhood 
scale provides us to clarify the picture of which places have 
historic potential and historic value and it helps us to determine 
the priority of places to develop conservation plans. Simply, it 
is intended to determine the density of historic buildings and 
their location in neighborhood scale. Total numbers of 
buildings are considered in this analysis and the resulting map 
shows the geographic relations of neighborhoods with similar 
densities by means of historic buildings. 
Historic building density could be observed in southern part of 
Beyoglu district, coastal parts of Golden Horn and Marmara Sea 
in Historic Peninsula. In Beyoglu district, axle of Istiklal Street 
preserves its original and historic value from past till now in 
comparison to other places. 
3.2. Ratio Between Historic Buildings Floor Area and Total 
Area 
In this analysis ratio between total area of historic buildings and 
area of neighborhood is calculated. Buildings which have 
historic value are evaluated in terms of m°. It is intended to find 
out the floor area density of historic buildings in the 
neighborhood. 
    
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Figure 3. Ratio Between Historic Buildings Floor Area and 
Total Area 
Even though; buildings with historic value in a neighborhood 
may exceed in number; when it is evaluated according to the 
total area, in large neighborhoods the visual impact of the 
historic places are rather low. As a result ratio of buildings