3.3 3D Modelling of the Submarine Wreck 
To obtain the model of the object same points, which describe 
the real surface of the submarine, on the different images of the 
wreck are measured and a point cloud was generated. Image 
measurements are performed with manual procedures. So we 
are able to define the surface with an appropriate method. The 
obtained surface was improved because of the irregularity of 
the wreck surface from the real submarine surface. For this 
purpose first grade polynomial surface fitting is applied to the 
point cloud to obtain a suitable surface model. Figure (4,5 
  
  
  
  
  
Figure 5. The Surface on the connected Wreck Parts 
3.4 Design to Join the Missing Part of the Submarine 
using Archival Information 
The technical information’s for UB46 searched from archives 
are limited only with dimensions. There was only one archive 
image (Figure 2) and a sketch of the UB II Type (SMB46) 
showing only the upper part. (Figure 6) The sketch was 
displaying only the side section and had no scale. Using some 
proportions we obtained a scale for sketch. Using the archive 
image, the sketch, the photogrammetrically obtained surface 
and the known dimensions we tried to reconstruct the 
submarine in AutoCAD 2004. 
   
    
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
     
   
   
    
    
  
   
   
     
    
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part BS. Istanbul 2004 
  
  
  
  
  
Figure 6. Sketch of the UB II Type 
For this purpose we transferred the surface model into the 
ACAD System. The first thing to do was to check the 
dimensions of the submarine. For this reason we compared the 
computed dimensions of the connected wreck surface model 
with those obtained from the image and sketch using known 
proportions of the submarine. (Williams, J.C) This check 
process realized only for the front part of the submarine. This 
part is approximately the third of the whole submarine. The 
reconstructed part was prolonged section-by-section using the 
surface model characteristics formed from the surface model. 
So we could reconstruct the body up to the tail part. The tail 
part of the submarine was designed only with the archive 
information's. (Figure 6) The 3D representation has to provide 
the interested researcher the right geometrical specifications of 
the object to analyse it. The obtained model can be loaded in a 
virtual reality system to provide navigation around the 
submarine model. 
4 CONCLUSIONS 
The paper describes the modelling and converting to digital 
form possibilities of a destroyed historical object. The spatial 
information about the object is collected by means of 
photogrammetric methods. The 3D creation, visualization and 
animation techniques are used to obtain reliable information's 
about the structure dimensions and geometrical shape of the UB 
46 submarine, which was buried in the deepness of the history 
References 
Kraus,K. Photogrammetry Volume 2, Dümmler Verlag, Bonn, 
1997 
Kulur, S.,; Kalibrierung und Genauigkeitsuntersuchung eines 
digitalen Bildaufnahmesystems,Publikationen der Deutschen 
Gesellschaft für Photogrammetrie und Fernerkundung, 18. 
Jahrestagung, 14-16 October, S.63-72, München, 1998 
PhotoModeler Pro. User Manual 
SMBA6 http://www.u-boot-net.de — (accessed 25.01.2004) 
WWI U-boat Types http:// uboat.net (accessed 23.01.2004) 
Williams, J.C. Simple Photogrammetry, Academic Press, 
London, 1969 
  
  
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