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exterior orientation of some facades have been a big work and 
needed long. 
By photogrammetric evaluation, over 100.000 points have been 
measured three dimensionally. This step was the biggest work 
of the whole study. The measured 3-D coordinates of the stones 
and their contours have been transferred in CAD-Software. 
Editing and some additional cartographic works have been done 
using AutoCAD. 
At the end of the study, following maps with different scale 
mentioned below have been created. 
- Layout plan (1:250) 
-  Detailed plan (1:100) (Figure 8) 
- A Drawing of 12 facades (1:50) (Figure 9) 
- 5 Profiles (1:50) 
5. FURTHER ACTIVITIES 
The processing of the data is at least a big work, especially if 
we use point-based systems. The possibilities of PhoTopoL 
Software are, to be able to digitise directly lines in 3D and to 
control them in stereo. This is possible for aerial images as well 
as for terrestrial photographs. With some limits to resolution 
and accuracy, also oblique photos can be processed. Further on, 
the orthophoto production in such a system 1s possible, which 
reduces the need to map all lines and increases the information 
on the map dramatically. An example is given below. Such 
tools are the key for complex 3D modelling up to the creation 
of visualisations and animations. This will be tested. 
In this frame, the data can be stored in GIS application as well 
to be part of web-based GIS-application for tourist affairs and 
as well as for archaeological reconstruction aims. 
  
Figure 7. First results of edge mapping in PhoTopoL with 
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computed orthophoto 
6. CONCLUSIONS 
Evaluation of ancient settlements and cultural heritage has 
always been one of the most interesting topics in 
photogrammetry. One of the difficulties by archaeological 
photogrammetry is the position of the camera. Suitable camera 
position cannot be arranged in any cases. In this study, a 
different platform has been used for image acquisition. The 
interesting point of the image acquisition system is the 
availability of the covering area in the monitor by the ground 
operator. This causes more effective work on the field. Another 
interesting point is the structure of the camera holder, so that it 
acts likely as a compensator. This causes to take more suitable 
photos for photogrammetric applications. 
In archaeological sites, excavations take place mostly in 
summer. This causes — especially in Mediterranean part of 
Turkey- to work in hot weather. Thinking about the contrast on 
the images, this was a disadvantage. Because of that, image 
acquisition has been done very early in the morning. Nearby, in 
those hours, it is very silent and not windy. This 1s an advantage 
for using the helium-balloon too. 
It is well known that oblique photos have some problem during 
exterior orientation. But in some cases like facade evaluation 
etc. this is a must, if any of the additional equipment has been 
used. Ongoing study is to use the balloon and the camera for 
façade imaging especially for tall or non-reachable building. 
7, REFERENCES 
Leloglu, U.M., Tunali, E.and Algun, O., Aerial Photos, 
http://vega.bilten.metu.edu.tr/aerialphoto/, (accessed on 12 June 
2003) 
Miyamoto, M., Yoshino, K. and Kushida K. 2001. 
Classification of wetland vegetation using aerial photographs 
by captive balloon cameras and aero NIR color video image, 
Kushiro northern wetland in Japan. In: 22 Asian Conference 
on Remote Sensing, Singapore. 
Karras, G.E., Mavromati, D., Madani, M., Mavrelis, G., 
Lymperopoulos, E., Kambourakis, A. and Gesafidis, S. 1999. 
Digital orthophotography in archaeology with low-altitude non- 
metric images. In: International Archives of Photogrammetry 
and Remote Sensing, 32 (SW11), pp 8-11 
Kemper, G., Celikoyan, T.M., Altan, M.O. and Toz, G. 2003, 
Balloon-photogrammetry for cultural heritage, In: a 
International Symposium Remote Sensing of Urban Areas, 27- 
29 June 2003, Regensburg, Germany