International Archives of the Photogramme 
A daily surveillance of the German territorial waters can not be 
achieved using RADARSAT-1 and ENVISAT ASAR data. The 
price for the satellite data is still relative high so it is not cost- 
effective to buy images with a small coverage of the area of 
interest. Considering this the number of available images is 
even more reduced. However, satellites cover a large area and 
are independent of weather conditions (flyable weather for 
aircraft) and they can provide alert functionality. The costs for 
the images can be reduced if bordering countries buy the images 
that cover parts of their territorial waters together. 
Aerial surveillance can not be replaced by satellite monitoring 
because it offers the following important features: 
e Ground truth capability 
e Classification of oil species 
e Determination of layer thickness 
e Evidence ensuring 
e Communication link between aircraft and vessel (e.g. 
combating vessel) 
e Controllable 
The integration of satellite SAR observation may strengthen the 
operational oil spill surveillance in terms of a exhaustive spatial 
coverage of the territorial areas. This requires a continuos 
coordination of the satellite overpasses and the schedule of the 
aerial surveillance flights. 
7. REFERENCES 
ESA, 2002: ASAR Product handbook. ESA. 
Pavlakis, P.; Tarchi, D.; Sieber, A. J.; Ferraro, G. and Vincent, 
G., 2001. On the monitoring of illicit vessel discharges. A 
reconnaissance study in the Mediterranean Sea. European 
Commission, Ispra, Italy. 
RSI, 1999: RADARSAT user guide. RSI. 
Solberg, A.; Clayton, P. and Indregard, M., 2004. D2 — Report 
on benchmarking oil spill recognition approaches and best 
practice. European Commission, Ispra, Italy. 
Trieschmann, O.; Hunsaenger, T. and Barjenbruch, U., 2001. A 
multiple remote sensor system for the aerial surveillance of the 
North Sea and Baltic Sea. In: Proceedings of Fifth 
International Airborne Remote Sensing Conference, San 
Francisco, CA, 17-20 September, 2001 (Conf. postponed: 
Miami, May 2002), Veridian, Ann Arbor. 
Trieschmann, O., Hunsänger, T., Tufte, L. & Barjenbruch, U., 
2003. Data assimilation of an airborne multiple remote sensor 
system and of satellite images for the North- and Baltic Sea. In: 
Bostater Jr., C. R. & Santoleri, R. (Ed.). Remote sensing of the 
ocean and sea ice 2003. 5233, SPIE, Bellingham, WA, pp 5]- 
60. 
8. ACKNOWLEDGMENT 
This work was supported by the German Federal Ministry of 
Transport, Building, and Housing (BMVBW). We are grateful 
to the staff of the "Marinefliegergeschwader 3 - Graf Zeppelin" 
who operate the aircraft and to the Federal Marine Pollution 
Control Unit of Germany who coordinates the pollution control 
flights. 
The OCEANIDES project (EVK2-CT-2002-00177) is funded 
under call EESD-ENV-2002-GMES by the EU. 
try, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
The views expressed are those of the authors and do not 
necessarily reflect the views or policies of the European 
Community or the BMVBW. Mention of trade names or 
commercial products does not constitute an endorsement or 
recommendation for use. 
1010 
KE 
AB: 
Ar 
Ren 
ima 
seal 
of t] 
ado| 
of v 
char 
purr 
resp 
urba 
impi 
spec 
In tl 
wate 
men 
the s 
rese: 
portz 
onu 
Thus 
tion 
(But: 
face 
of fix 
teriz: 
faces 
surfa 
mode 
two ( 
of th 
prope 
Urba: 
ric st 
ing si 
matei 
objec 
Envir 
ity, al 
lead t 
the te 
ric re 
to dis 
WE CC 
vides