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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
record and the coordinate output by the network adjustment, 
which was adjusted to Bong-Lae Mt. - Keum-Ryun Mt - Um- 
Gaung Mt. That is the stablest in the geometric arrangement. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Node ax dy Jac «ay? 
Jang-San Mt. 0.000000 | 0.000000 0.000000 
Whang-Lyung Mt. | 0.000625 0.000001 0.000625 
Keum-Ryun Mt. 0.000529 0.000016 0.000529 
Bong-Lae Mt. 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 
Um-Gaung Mt. 0.000000 | 0.000000 0.000000 
RMS 0.015194 | 0.001849 0.015306 
  
  
Table 3.6 The difference between real coordinate and 
coordinate in geometric arrangement. 
3.3.2 Analysis of the accuracy according to the change of the 
variance factor. 
The variance factor(VF) used in the Chi-Square test of 
goodness of fitness when the GPS network adjustment would be 
done was divided into the value of 'out the effective range', the 
value of 'within the effective range’ and ‘the more precise value 
within the effective range’. In this condition the precision of 
GPS observed value was made a comparative analysis. 
1. Jang-San Mt. 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
0.4795<VF<1.7085 dx dy du + dr 
VE-6.1733 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 
VF=3 2322 0.000000 | 0.000000 0.000000 
VF-1.6216 -0.022000 | 0.005000 0.022561 
VF=0.9364 0.000000 | 0.000000 0.000000 
2. Whang-Lyung Mt. 
0.4795<VF<1.7085 dx dy P ES + dy? 
VF-6.1733 -0.024000 | 0.005000 0.024515 
VF=3.2522 -0.018000 | 0.004000 0.018439 
VF=1.6216 -0.019000 | 0.013000 0.023022 
VF=0.9364 -0.024000 | 0.003000 0.024187 
3. Keum-Ryun Mt. 
0.4795«VF«1.7085 dx dy [ax + dv” 
VF=6.1733 -0.023000 | 0.000000 0.023000 
VE=3 2522 -0.017000 | 0.001000 0.017029 
VE=1.0210 -0.025000 | 0.008000 0.026249 
VF=0.9364 -0.022000 | 0.002000 0.022091 
4. Bong-Lae Mt. 
0.4795«VF«1.7085 dx dy L^ + dy” 
VF=6.1/733 -0.000400 | 0.000100 0.000412 
VF=3. 2922 -0.000400 | 0.000100 0.000412 
VE=1 6216 0.000600 | 0.006100 0.006129 
VF=0.9364 -0.000400 | 0.000100 0.000412 
5. Um-Gaung Mt. 
0.4795<VF<1.7085 dx dy | + dy” 
VF=6.1733 -0.000300 | -0.000300 0.000424 
VE-3.2322 -0.000300 | -0.000300 0.000424 
YF-1.6216 -0.141300 | 0.222700 0.263744 
VF=0.9364 -0.000300 | -0.000300 0.000424 
  
  
  
  
  
Table 3.7 The error of coordinate with VF variation. 
1219 
The next is the investigation of the happened error followed by 
the change of the VF which is the factor of the network 
adjustment in the geometric network structure of Bong-Lae Mt. 
- Jang-San Mt. - Um-Gaung Mt. The case of being included 
‘within the effective range' has the less error than the opposite 
case. In the case of being included 'within the effective range’ 
the more precise output of the coordinates was not possible if 
the less value of VF was given. 
4. CONCLUSION 
For the results of this paper, 'Application of marine 
geographic information system using analysis of control points 
in postprocessing DGPS points surveying’, it is concluded as 
following, 
First, the variance factor(VF) used in the Chi-Square test of 
goodness of fitness when the GPS network adjustment would be 
done was divided into the value of ‘out the effective range’, the 
value of 'within the effective range' and 'the more precise value 
within the effective range'. In this condition the precision of 
GPS observed value was made a comparative analysis. Here, 
the case of being included 'within the effective range’ has the 
less error than the opposite case. In the case of being included 
‘within the effective range' the more precise output of the 
coordinates was not possible if the less value of VF was given. 
Second, when the Digital Map was matched with the Digital 
Chart by using the coordinate of the boundary point through the 
EDM was carried out in using the result of GPS surveying, 
totally it is known that the errors were happened largely in the 
southeastern direction. In the northern direction the error was 
about 3.41m, in the eastern about 5.64m. So in the case of the 
matching the Digital Map and Digital Chart, it is thought that 
the closer examination and matching would be carried out. 
Third, in this study, the 3 points selected as the control points 
in adjusting the GPS network, the case of 'Bong-Lae 
Mt.','Keum-Ryun Mt.',' Um-Gaung Mt.' has the least error. The 
geometric arrangement on 3 points selected as the control points 
was about 55°40' 02.98" , 48°28' 47.49" , and 75°51' 09.53". So 
the more geometric strength approaches 60°, the more precise 
coordinate result is output. 
And the GPS and the EDM surveying done in this study was 
carried out in the limited range. So it need the surveying and 
analysis of the more observed points to get the more practical 
result. Also, for the analysis of the statistical result of GPS 
network adjustment and the performance of the study for the 
matching the Digital Map and Digital Chart, the study of the 
geographic information management for the unified geographic 
information system construction could be activated and the 
database structure, contents, and the integrated management 
system must be researched more systematically.