DT 
  
International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
at breast height (d.b.h) and canopy closure of the trees were 
measured in each plot. Thereafter, percentages of different 
mixture of the all tree types, in the plots, were calculated and 
classified in four groups. It is worthwhile to mention that after 
obtaining ground data and measuring different mixtures 
percentages, 9 plots were excluded from total of plots due to 
crown closure of less than 60% or domination of other species 
than Fagus orientalis and Carpinus betulus. 
Four groups of mixtures have been obtained encompassing: I) 
pure composition of Fagus orientalis, 11) 80% Fagus orientalis, 
20% Carpinus betulus and others, III) 70% Fagus orientalis, 
30% Carpinus betulus and others, and IV) 60% Fagus 
orientalis, 40% Carpinus betulus and others. Each group 
includes 7 plots and in total 28 plots were selected. 
The ETM" imagery was geometrically corrected using 1:25000 
maps with RMSE = 0.703. Roads of the study area and sample 
plots were digitized. The digitized roads and sample plots were 
overlaid on the ETM" bands 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7. Then, all of the 
digital numbers (DNs) of sample plots were extracted (figure 1). 
3. RESULTS 
After extracting the DNs of the plots, average of their DNs were 
calculated for all bands (except band 6, table 1). From table 1, it 
is obvious that there is disorder among the means of plots in 
bands, 1, 2, 3 and 4. Therefore, they cannot be separated. This is 
due to the narrow dynamic range of DNs in bands 1,2, and 
3.This narrow range of DNs reflects plants’ efficient absorption 
of the ultra-violate and the visible region of the spectrum for the 
energy required for photosynthesis. Chlorophyll absorbs 
approximately 80 to 90% of the incident energy in the visible 
part of the spectrum (0.4 to 0.7 pm, band 1, 2 and 3). Although 
band 4 represented a wider DNs range than bands 1, 2, and 3, 
this band showed lower sensitivity to different mixture of Fagus 
orientalis and Carpinus betulus than bands 1, 2, and 3. Result 
of this study is similar to the finding of other researchers 
(Spanner et al. 1990 and Oladi 1997). 
Table 1, revealed that there is differences among all groups in 
band 5, except between third and fourth groups. Result of band7 
  
Figure 1. Image of ETM" bands 5 with roads and digitized sample plots 
434 
In 
  
es