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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004
7. CONCLUSIONS
This study has shown how, by utilising the images produced by
hyperspectral sensors, in particular the MIVIS sensor, it's
possible to gather information, with relative speed, on the
characteristics and behaviour of the soil - otherwise difficult to
measure. Never the less during the image analysis, some
problems emerged due principally to the geometric resolution
but also to notable geometric distortions thus conditioning the
successive operations of subtraction and addition between the
images. The geometric resolution above all influences the
dimension of each object that it is possible to discriminate in the
images. In particular, for this study, the images have a
geometric resolution of 3 meters; therefore it was not possible
to discover underground sites with a dimension inferior to 3
metres.
The integration of the hyperspectral data with morphologic data
and information about historical road network allows to
generate a Prediction map of archaeological finds.
This map gives only probabilistic information that should be
validated by the use of other types of investigation like
geophysical ones. The georadar technique is one of the newer
techniques that is most frequently used for geophysical work in
different fields. The georadar survey is based on the study of the
behaviour that electromagnetic waves have when they
propagate through materials with different dielectric properties.
In particular, it can be, successfully, used to detect geological
structures, carsick cavities, gas lines, or archaeological
structures. Measurements were carried out with the new GSSI
(Geophysical Survey System, Inc.) georadar system, namely
SIR3000. In this case, georadar acquisition was carried out
using a 400 MHz antenna, best suited for the type of research
here discussed and the depths that we planed to reach.
In this experimentation, the geophysical research was done on
the zone indicated in figure 5 with the letter (d) characterized by
a big value of probability. The area was detected by the
acquisition technique aimed at the rendering of the, so-called,
^time-slices" representation. The "time slices" technique is used
in many georadar applications to produce a graphic
representation of profiles. This technique represents one of
several ways of carrying out reflection tomography and allows
us to reconstruct, through horizontal sections, the planimetric
behavior of the reflections that are produced by underground
electromagnetic discontinuities.
In particular 16 parallel profiles in North - South direction and
11 parallel profiles in East - West direction were acquired. The
acquired data were processed by Reflex software, using
standard function in order to remove random and coherent
noise.
The geophysical measurements have confirmed the presence of
anomalies referable to buried structures. In figure 9 the result of
the geophysical research is represented: the red areas are
characterized by discontinuities due to the presence of buried
structures. The figure 10 shows the overlay of the red areas,
individuated with geophysical techniques, on white sign,
individuated on the synthesis image obtained with hyperspectral
techniques.
Figure 9. Chart of geophysical research result
497
Figure 10. Overlapping of geophysical chart
on the synthesis image
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We would like to thank:
- Prof. Pietro Cosentino, Dr. Patrizia Capizzi, Dr Paolo
Messina and Gianluca Fiandaca from Dipartimento di
Geofisica of Palermo University for geophysics
survey operations;
- Arch. Laura Riccobono from Dipartimento di
Rappresentazione of Palermo University for her
valuable contribution to the compilation of historical
road network map.
