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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004 
  
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€: NS B: SM 
Fig. 5 
Table. 4 Mean and Standard Deviation of the Radiant Temperature in 
Four Land Cover Types under Four Shadow Conditions 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Land Cover Type) Radiant NS SM SA SB 
. ^ Temperaure|] MEAN|. STD |MEAN| STD |MEAN| STD |MEAN| STD 
Tia 2220] 0.88] 20.10] 0.35} 11.52] 0.37] 9.63] 0.22 
Road Tem 12.591 031] 743] 058) 11.57] 1.11} 626} 027 
AT 961] 1.011 12.68! 0.80] 0.02] 146] 3.36] 0.24 
Tia 1839] 2.09] 16.60] 046] 10.46] 0.27] 897] 0.20 
Vegetation Tem 1446| 135| 7.71| 028| 13.28] 0.80| 6.64| 0.30 
AT 394] 1.121 8891 0567 -2:81 | oos] 231] 028 
Tia 26.35 | 3.80) 19.79] 045] 11.99] 020] 9.36] 0.56 
Concrete Tem 1405] .121] 7.42| 0419] 12.538]. 128] 645] 0.17 
AT 12.19]. 2.82] 12.30| 052} -054) 1.2] 291] 057 
Tia 24.03] 2.92] 13.91] 0.53] 1424] 094) 824] 0.48 
Soil Tem 1491| 054| 7.24| 0.19] 13.24] 037] 6.29] 0.16 
AT 9.13] 2.99| 6.66] 0.39] 1.00| 1.06] 1.94| 0.44 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
four land cover types under the four shadow conditions. All 
points for calculation of the means shown in Fig. 4 are plotted 
in Fig. 5. The mean and standard deviation values of the radiant 
temperature of the four land cover types under various shadow 
conditions are shown in Table 4. Tg, under NS spreads more 
widely than those under other shadow conditions. Tj, under SA 
589 
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(b) Vegetation 
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(d) Soil 
4: SA x: SB 
Radiant Temperature Distribution of the Normal Land Cover Types under Four Shadow Conditions 
spreads more widely than those under other shadow conditions. 
The moisture on the ground seems to effect on the temperature 
distribution. 
The dotted lines in Fig. 5 indicate the link of the mean radiant 
temperature under each shadow condition. The clusters of the 
four shadow conditions form a shape of a trapezoid. For road 
and vegetation, the shape is a parallelogram. There is a 
possibility for us to use the lengths of four sides and two 
diagonals of these trapezoids in pattern recognition. The result 
of further research will be reported elsewhere. 
6. TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION OF CONCRETE 
ANOMALY AREA 
As has been noted above, the shadow effect for the temperature 
distribution of materials under normal condition is quite 
complicated. Now we focus on the possibility of detecting the 
concrete anomaly. Although other techniques such as 
classification may be used, the irregular temperature pattern can