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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXV, Part B7. Istanbul 2004
To prepare different data sources in GIS compatible format the
several transformations are required.
3.1 Pre-processing
Colour topographic maps are scanned with a 300 dpi resolution
by means of CalComp ScanPlus III 500 (A0). Metadata (ID,
geographic location, year of last update and production etc.) is
stored in a table. Paper print/film aerial photographs and
orthophotographs are handled in a similar manner.
Georeferencing is performed in PCI Geomatics Orthoengine
8.2. environment. Four or five coordinate grid points are used
for the conversion of each raster topographic map in the
National coordinate system 1970. The same technology using
well defined ground control points identified on the aerial
photographs and proper scale topographic maps is applied for
the orthophotographs.
To save time and reduce cost the aerial photographs are selected
with minimal overlap. Their main use is to solve the thematic
uncertainty and references are made in 1:100 000 scale.
Orthorectification is not necessary in areas of flat and undulated
relief. A polynomial transformation by means of 5 GCP-s
selected from the 1:25 000 topographic maps meets the required
accuracy.
Other ancillary data used are in digital form — georeferenced or
orthorectified (Marinov ef al, 2002) and doesn't need pre-
processing.
3.2 Database structure and management
To facilitate interpreter’s decision making the structure of the
data base should meet the following requirements:
e fast access to all ancillary data available for the area
of interest;
e the possibility to use a separate type of data or various
combinations of data types;
e flexible links between the graphical and attribute part
of the data base to retrieve user specified data;
Four graphical vector files are created which include the
boundary lines of all raster and vector maps, aerial photographs
and orthophoto mosaics. Each of them corresponds to one of the
zones of the National coordinate system 1970 — K-3, K-5, K-7
and K-9 (Figure 1).
containing data description information. For each ancillary data
entry a specific ID is created with coded descriptive
information. The content of an aerial photograph ID is shown
on Figure 2:
XX. YYYY 7222
flight E | year of flight
name/acronym of the nearest town or village
Figure 2. Aerial photograph ID coding example
The graphical polygons are linked to the respective attribute
table to ensure the access to the data needed.
4. WORKING ENVIRONMENT
The interpretation process is performed in InterChange 2
software — extension of ArcView 3.2 GIS (Tarashak, 2002).
Usually two synchronized windows are used for the Revision
and Change detection procedures. The Basic Working Unit
(BWU) includes the area of one or more standard 1:100 000
topographic map sheets. Two multi-temporal Landsat images
and the CLC90 vector data for the working unit are visualized
as standard themes (Tepeliev er al, 2003). The “ancillary”
(graphical) file for the respective zone is added as a theme as
well. In this way all available ancillary data could be properly
accessed and visualized for the BWU area. When ancillary
theme is activated after a click with the information tool on the
boundary polygon closed information window appears.
£2 ArcView GIS 3.2a
Ele Edt View Iheme Graphics Window Help 2
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Figure 1. Zone division in the National coordinate system
The data base is created in ArcView 3.2. environment. The
graphical vector file data are distributed in layers corresponding
to the different types of data. In the automatically generated
attribute table new columns with new names are added
819
Figure 3. Example of window with Ancillary file information
The graphical interface is illustrated On Figure. 3. On the right
part the boundaries can be seen of topographic maps and aerial
photographs. At the bottom (View 2) enlarged presentation of
an aerial photograph boundary clicked with the information tool
is shown. On the left part the attribute table and the information
about the type of the border line (aerial photograph) and the ID
are displayed.
