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A BOTTOM-UP GEOSPTIAL DATA UPDATE MECHANISM FOR SPATIAL DATA
INFRASTRUCTURE UPDATING
TianWenwen * *, ZhuXinyan *, LiuYi"
* State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing, Wuhan University
129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China - geotww@foxmail.com
* School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University
129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, China
KEY WORDS: Geography, Vector, Integration, Matching, Model
ABSTRACT:
Currently, the top-down spatial data update mechanism has made a big progress and it is wildly applied in many SDI (spatial data
infrastructure). However, this mechanism still has some issues. For example, the update schedule is limited by the professional
department's project, usually which is too long for the end-user; the data form collection to public cost too much time and energy for
professional department; the details of geospatial information does not provide sufficient attribute, etc. Thus, how to deal with the
problems has become the effective shortcut. Emerging Internet technology, 3S technique and geographic information knowledge
which is popular in the public promote the booming development of geoscience in volunteered geospatial information. Volunteered
geospatial information is the current "hotspot", which attracts many researchers to study its data quality and credibility, accuracy,
sustainability, social benefit, application and so on. In addition to this, a few scholars also pay attention to the value of VGI to
support the SDI updating. And on that basis, this paper presents a bottom-up update mechanism form VGI to SDI, which includes
the processes of match homonymous elements between VGI and SDI vector data , change data detection, SDI spatial database update
and new data product publication to end-users. Then, the proposed updating cycle is deeply discussed about the feasibility of which
can detect the changed elements in time and shorten the update period, provide more accurate geometry and attribute data for spatial
data infrastructure and support update propagation.
1. INTRODUCTION
Over the past decades, the majority of geospatial information
has been captured, processed, managed and updated by the
public institutions, such as spatial data infrastructure. SDI as
public data producer usually adopts a top-to-bottom mechanism
to collect and update geospatial information, then share with the
regional and local institutions. The mechanism is limited to the
institutions to design the updating schedule for keeping the
consistency between geo-spatial information and real world.
However, more and more remote sensing image and aerial
photos have been acquired by advanced technology, how to
process the mass data, detect the changes, update the out-time
data in time to reflect the real world to users has become an
intractable issue.
With the development of web 2.0, new solutions has emerged to
create and share information on the internet, such as RSS, Tag,
Trackbook, Blog, Wiki, SNS and so on. The new Web 2.0 is a
two-way collaboration, the users interactive with Web sites, not
only provide information for the site, but also provide
information service for others. Wikipedia is a typical example, a
lot of the individual user can provide any content of articles, the
Content is managed through the management and administrator
Soup consisted by a relatively small amount member. It
provides a broad, loosely organization metadata, users can
access all history of any articles, including the creation of the
first Version and various change. An emerging trend in the
Wider information community is the growing use of open
portals to collect and share information, both spatial and non-
Spatial (McDougall, 2009). Google earth, Openstreetmap,
Wikimapia etc. all provide the web2.0 platform and service for
Public users to create and share the geo-spatial information as
TEE
* .
Corresponding author.
volunteered geographic information (Goodchild, 2007). The
most successful example is Openstreetmap, which is founded by
Steve Coast in 2004. Currently, the project has over 300,000
users , the size of geospatial vector data has reached 200G, not
only cover England, but also all over the world. Because the
information of OSM is updated very quickly and free for use,
many companies and researchers adopt the data of OSM. The
most outstanding example is the application of Hanti earthquake
(Zook and Graham et al., 2010)
’
There are a growing consensus to recognize the role of VGI in
support of SDI updating , many literature have studied the
topic and discuss many related issues ,such as new rules and
standards and the applicability of VGI in SDI (Coleman and
Georgiadou et al., 2009), the possibility of citizen volunteered
spatial information for building SDI (McDougall, 2009),
linking contributor motivations to program
effectiveness(Coleman and Sabone et al, 2010), the
opportunities and constraints of volunteered geographic
information in spatial data infrastructure(Coleman and Eng,
2010), whether volunteered geographic information can be a
participant in eEnvironment and SDI(Mooney and Corcoran,
2011) etc. Based on the above researches, more and more
person realize how to find a way or design strategies and
systems from VGI to SDI has become an opportunity and
challenge in the GIS research. There are so many problems need
to deal with, such as how to collect the data from crowding-
sources on the VGI platform, how to filter and clean the data,
how to get the information from the multi-sources data, how to
match homonymous elements between VGI and SDI, how to
detect the changes and alert the institutions to verify the
credibility of the information, how to update SDI database
timely and so on.
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