International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXIX-B4, 2012 
XXII ISPRS Congress, 25 August — 01 September 2012, Melbourne, Australia 
e RFID/ Lighting tags (1-22) 
o IMES transmitter (PRN173~PRN175) 
[ | Measured point (1~221, 301-7333) 
Outside 
Door 
PRN174 
Pedestrian 
Pedestrian (1 
tracker (2) 
1 
Figure 6. Sensor distribution map for the indoor study arca 
In the indoor experiment, each sensor was placed in the indoor 
study area according to our sensor distribution map, shown in 
Figure 6. Each lighting tag was attached at the center of an 
inverter light, and was supplied electric power from the inverter, 
as shown in Figure 7. Each RFID tag was arranged on the floor 
directly under each lighting tag, as shown in Figure 8. These 
tags were arranged at 22 points to track pedestrian behavior 
including walking in a straight line and meandering. 
Three IMES transmitters with dipole antennae were installed on 
the ceiling at corners of our test field, as shown in Figure 9. 
Each IMES transmitter was assigned a Pseudo Random Noise 
code (173, 174 or 175), and position data were estimated from 
short identification numbers received from the transmitters. 
Generally, position data are directly taken from the recorded 
position data within the tags. However, in this experiment, 
position data were converted from the identification numbers of 
the tags. 
Figure 7. Lighting tags installed on the ceiling 
  
34 
Road 
Glass wall 
pes Sücm j PRNIJS. 
mne Metal and 
glass wall 
Corridor 
T 
Outside) 
  
Figure 8. RFID tags installed on the floor 
    
Figure 9. IMES transmitter installed on the ceiling