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International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Volume XXXIX-B8, 2012 
XXII ISPRS Congress, 25 August — 01 September 2012, Melbourne, Australia 
COASTAL CURRENTS MONITORING USING RADAR SATELLITES BASED ON 
WAVE TRACKING APPROACH 
A. Abedini', M. Aghamohamadnia , M. Sharifi, S. Farzaneh 
Dept. of Surveying and Geomatics, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran 
(aabedeni, maghamohamadnia, sharifi, farzaneh) @ ut.ac.ir 
Commission VIII/4 
KEY WORDS: Coastal Currents, Monitoring, Jason] Satellite, Wave Tracking, Radar Satellites 
ABSTRACT: 
Use of high resolution radar imagery for coastal currents monitoring has been known as an active topic in several research 
institutions. In this study, we demonstrate a new method for coastal currents monitoring based on current tracking by deformed wave 
reconstruction. 
The magnitude and shape of the echoes (or waveforms) hold information regarding the surface characteristics that can be described 
analytically. Accordingly from this shape, several parameters can be construed, by comparing the real waveform with the theoretical 
curve. Safety in coastal zones containing coastal engineering for construction of ports, marine structures, beach erosion, natural 
hazards, and environmental problems are the issues related to hydrodynamic studies of currents, waves, and winds. Therefore, 
monitoring of coastal currents is very important .The ability of the internet to accompany our results to track past and near real-time 
movements of every coastal waters for monitoring is appropriate. Surface Current Mapping is utilized using an interface to radar 
altimetry data derived surface currents. Then Data access is available in a number of formats and protocols such as Google Earth 
KML and so on. In this study Jason! satellite data has been used as input data for assessing the coastal environment. 
1. INTRODUCTION 
ltimetry is basically a technique for measuring height. 
Satellite radar altimetry measures the time taken by a 
radar pulse to travel from the satellite antenna to the 
surface and back to the satellite receiver. Moreover, this 
measurement yields a wealth of other information that can be 
used for a wide range of applications tm, 
Many current studies are attempting to enhance the quality of 
altimetry data close to the coasts. New processing methods and 
applications can then be developed for littoral and shallow- 
water regions, some of the most fragile and important areas of 
the oceans. 
There is a shortage of altimetry data near the coasts (or their 
inferior quality) which is caused due to several factors: 
The technique itself, since the radar echoes reflected off water, 
and off a combination of water and land are not identical, and 
basically only the former undergo processing by the ground 
segments. 
Other altimetry satellite measurements also suffer from the same 
problem, such as those from the radiometer (at a distance of 
about 50 km from the coast) *. But even this amount of data 
needs to be used in a way which is effective and efficient. 
Since the satellite altimetry and radar observatory came to 
existence, various approaches have been offered to use their 
data in solving environmental problems and at most to construe 
and derive out valuable and profiting information to use in 
various areas of research. 
An alternative method for calculating surface currents is 
through the exploitation of the Doppler shift in synthetic 
aperture radar data (Chapron, 2005) P! This method has 
  
! Corresponding author 
promise in particular for coastal zones, although there are many 
technical challenges, including isolating the surface currents 
from signals such as wave orbital motion or tides. 
Another method is a feature tracking algorithm to monitor 
ocean currents by using satellite sequential images of surface 
water (V.M.Krasnopolsky and et all, 1999) A 
One area of research is in waveform re-tracking reprocessing 
individual satellite track signals to recover the distorted 
waveform as it reaches land (Deng and Featherstone, 2006) DI 
One of the new ways of monitoring the coastal areas with radar 
technology is using the HF radar monitoring system. HF radar 
tracks currents and eddies of coastal surface waters from just 
beyond the surf zone to 150 km offshore. The movement of 
these surface waters can be viewed in near real-time in a Google 
Maps interface or at web pages developed for specific users. If 
an oil spill occurs, these maps and products can be used to track 
where the oil is moving, even at night or in dense fog and 
extreme weather. Similar maps and websites allow city 
environmental managers to follow the trajectory of coastal 
discharges(like sewage spills or coastal runoff after heavy 
rains)so that only the affected beaches are targeted for water 
safety testing and subsequent closures when needed to protect 
our health. 
In this paper unlike using pressure based or radar received wave 
power analyse which are examples of physical properties of 
water wave, the geometrical aspect of surface water wave is 
under concentration. So this can be described as a numerical 
and mathematical approach which applies on the oceanic water 
surface model taken from the altimetry data over a specific area 
[6]