[ii 
{NN 
sl GPS Survey Antenna 
ZA GPS Navisation Antenna 
  
Satellite Alded 
Ecological Monitoring 
  
  
Displacement 
Observation 
Water 
Observation 
  
Satellite Alded Construction ( SAC) 
    
     
   
  
  
Fr) 
NN 
  
   
      
  
7 
  
Ground Base 
  
  
Fig.! Final System Composition SAC 
The system as a whole is comprised of the following 
(Fig.2). 
DSystem for collection of site information using 
patrol vehicles 
@Monitoring system at the site office 
@System for shape measurement by close-range remote 
sensing using still cameras 
2.2 Site Information Collection System 
  
GPS navigation sensors are installed on vehicles 
patrolling engineering sites and information relat- 
ing to the safety, quality and progress of the work 
is collected together with the positional informati- 
on. By stationing the vehicle at the site at which 
the information is to be collected and inputting the 
item of information, the information sought is aut- 
omatically recorded on the floppy disk together with 
the positional information (latitude, longitude and 
elevation) concerning the site as outputted from the 
GPS navigation sensor. The site conditions and the 
embankment configuration are photographed at the sa- 
me time by the electronic still camera and the pict- 
ure number recorded on the floppy disk. 
2.3 Office Monitoring System 
  
Upon completion of the patrol,the patrol results r- 
ecorded on the floppy disk are displayed in the site 
office on the map of the site prepared using image 
scanners. The information obtained are displayed at 
the relevant positions on the map in different colo- 
urs according to items , together with the picture 
36 
numbers. Speedy and accurate display of the position 
and conditions of the site can be obtained by disp- 
laying on the video screen at the same time the pic- 
tures taken by the electronic still camera 
2.4 Close-Range Remote Sensing Shape Measurement 
The stereo pictures of the construction site obtai- 
ned by close-range remote sensing (photographed from 
two points by digital still cameras) are automatic- 
ally put through processes such as orientation calc- 
ulations and matching processing on general-purpose 
EWS to provide three-dimensional information. The 
processing is carried out in the five steps of rela- 
tive orientation, absolute orientation, rectification 
,matching and calculation of three-dimensional info- 
rmation. Each of these processes are outlined below. 
(1) Relative Orientation The relative angles of 
the stereo pictures taken (from two points) by dig- 
ital still cameras are obtained form the pass points 
for model preparation(Photo.1 original photo). 
(2) Absolute Orientation The positional relati- 
onship between the models prepared in the relative 
orientation and the ground surface is determined fr- 
om the control points obtained from the GPS positio- 
nal information. 
(3) Rectification The orientation elements obt- 
ained by relative orientation are used for the prep- 
aration of vertical pictures. Stereo pictures free 
of vertical parallax can be obtained through this r- 
ectification, leaving only the lateral (x-axis) posi- 
tional deviation between the left and right pictures