PHOTOGRAMMETRIC SUPPORT FOR MONUMENT PROTECTION IN 
      
   
    
ARCHAEOLOGY 
by 
W. Schuhr, M. Wiggenhagen E.Kanngieser W. Schlüter 
University of Hannover F.H. - Hamburg Museum of Osnabrück 
Institute f. Photogrammetry Inst.f.Surveying 
Federal Republic of Germany 
Abstract: 
Commission V 
The objective of this paper is on the benefit of photogrammetric and remote sensing techniques for the discovering and interpre- 
tation of archaeologic monuments as a basis for further monument protection. 
To solve this task,valuable documents,like photogrammetric and remote sensing imagery, historic photos, maps and measure- 
ments, as well as local known reference, have been evaluated.In this context, based on remote sensing imagery, samples for ai- 
med detections and excavations of irretrievable monuments of historic importance,will be demonstrated. 
For a permanent availability of these results, in particular in view of the consideration of monuments within environmental 
planning processes, the establishment of a digital Monument Information System ("MIS")is recommended. 
Abstract: 
Key Words: Archaeological, Photogrammetry, 
Remote Sensing Application 
1. INTRODUCTION 
Handed down monuments, detected or still 
undiscovered, increasingly dilapidate under 
environmental influences. 
Photogrammetry and remote sensing provide 
decisive aids to antagonise this situation by 
speeding up the localisation of historic 
monuments and/or its permanent 
control(including inventory). 
The results serve as basic documents for a 
future improved protection of known 
monuments as well as for a progress in aimed 
detections and excavations, in particular of 
irretrievable monuments of historic 
importance. 
2. MONUMENT PROTECTION 
The localisation of so far undiscovered 
monuments can be supported by surface visible 
or detectable traces of human activities, like 
- influences in the relief - energy (e.g. 
remaining dams, ditches etc.) and/or 
- activities which cause differences in 
vegetation- heights and -quality (caused by, 
e.g., less fertile soil under former stone- 
walls)in shadow, in temperature and in 
radiation, but also in magnetism, in gravity 
and in the electric and seismic behaviour 
etc. of an area. 
Therefore, the localisation of so far 
undiscovered monuments, beside others, can 
be supported by the following means, compare 
Schuhr et. al.(1986): 
2.1 Monument prediction using aerial 
photography 
Currently conventional oblique low altitude 
aerial photography is flown systematically 
throughout the whole country of Germany. As 
a sample, in figure 1 is shown the geometric 
distorted original photo of a probable 
archaeological site ( as indicated by the dark 
lines in the field), situated near the City of 
Osnabrück (Germany), as carried out by O. 
Braasch. 
This photo was taken close to the recently 
discovered parts of the battlefield of the 
legendary Roman army under their famous 
commander P.Q. Varus of the year 9 A.C..