gineering-geological processes attendant the ex- 
ploitation. 
The result of several years experimental investiga- 
tions is the methodology of geological mapping of 
overburden and deposit slopes on the basis of ground 
and aerial photographs (Mularz - 1981). The essence 
of elaborated methodology bases on the following 
assumptions: 
e the recording of slopes is made on black and 
white photographs (panchromatic, orthochroma- 
tic or multispectral), 
e the geological interpretation of photographs is 
made on the basis of special version of photo- 
interpretation key, 
e the elaboration of photographs can have ana- 
logous or numerical form and the results may 
be presented in the different way, 
e the influence of season and weatheral conditions 
and the another external factors on the inter- 
pretation way of photographs is defined. 
The idea of the photo-interpretation key is based 
on the full set of the diagnosic features, as: tone 
differences shape and occupation way, texture of 
photographs and spectral characteristic of particular 
types and lithological modifications of formations, 
creating the slop. The specificity of different for- 
mation series images is dependent of petrographical 
wy 
    
      
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
    
The spectral response character of different types 
of grounds indicates on general accordance, it in- 
dicates namely on the reflecting power growth of 
the radiation, since ultraviolet to near infrared radia- 
tion with local oscillations, notable in the green part 
of the spectrum. The values of reflection coefficients 
for dry air in the entire range of visible spectrum 
higher than in the case of natural moisture content. 
It is interesting, the distinct enlargement of differen- 
ces between the values of these coefficients from 
blue toward the red range of visible spectrum is 
observed. The increase of spectral reflection coef- 
ficient values is different for respective types of 
lithological grounds, and in this way the contrast 
on images is higher. Forbetter results of geological 
interpretation the photograph should be taken 
several days after exposure on the air. If the time 
of slope exposure after the excavation is too long, 
some effects of disturbance might occur, because 
of drying and weathering phenomena, and therefore 
image is not useful for interpretation purposes. 
On the basis of geological interpretation of black 
and white photographs, it is possible to distinguish 
the main types and lithological modification, exposed 
on slope surface of such formations, as sand, gravel, 
boulder clay, silt, etc. On the other hand the features 
enabling for the univocal interpretation of particular 
ground type within the given lithological modification 
are not visible on the photographs. 
  
  
Fig.2. Stereogram showing a fragment of a typical cut slope of the overburden part of a the Liquite Open 
Cast-Mine. 
and structural features on the one hand; and the 
mining technology as well as the processes taking 
place on the slope surface after its formation by 
excavator, on the other hand (Fig.2) For a particular 
mining field, this seperate keys for discrimination 
of the lithological types and kind of grounds must 
be prepared. Such photointerpretation keys are help- 
ful in rapid and accurate identification of geological 
series from photographic images. 
   
The results of photogrammetric registration may be 
presented in the form of strip mine orthophotomap 
determining the synthesis of the photograph image 
and map contents. In the other words this document 
is fully cartometrical (Fig.3). 
The orthophotomap contains also the geological 
interpretation results in the form of appropriate 
symbols or the key code set. The orhophotomaps