atial 
-bits 
the 
e as 
that 
“the 
eral 
with 
s can 
lors. 
ution 
For 
vides 
video 
n the 
3A as 
gram 
splay 
ciple 
n the 
Is also 
lotter 
[ching 
sature 
    
  
  
  
  
points in one of the images. The corresponding image 
point in the second image is located automatically by the 
program. The operation flows are illustrated in Figure 
6. 
CONCLUDING REMARKS 
"Digitization" is the most important 
photogrammetric development at the present time 
(Leberl, et al., 1992). The utilization of a "softcopy" 
photogrammetric process is a growing trend. This 
article reports on a digital extension of a 
photogrammetric system, which is dedicatedly designed 
for a close-range application, the car collision 
investigation. Further developments in the direction of 
automated algorithms and schemes are also undertaken. 
A graph-based matching and automated feature extraction 
scheme is described in Hellwich and Faig (1992). In 
their scheme, zero-crossing is used to extract feature 
points, then the points are screened and linked into line 
segments. Matching is performed with both descriptive 
and relational parameters of the features. Besides, 
attempts in applying Hough Transformation have been 
made (Adamos and Faig, 1992). It is expected that in the 
foreseeable future, a more friendly and efficient 
photogrammetric system will be available. 
REFERENCES 
Admos, C. and W. Faig, 1992. "Hough Transform in 
Digital Photgrammetry." Paper prepared for 1992 
ISPRS Congress. 
Faig, W. and Shih, T.Y.. 1990. "Simple 
Photogrammetric Approach to Vehicle Crush 
  
Load Image 1 
Ÿ 
Digitize Reference Marks 
Ÿ 
Projective Transformation 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
Measurements." XIX International Congress of FIG, 
Helsinki, Finland, 611.4. 
Faig, W. Shih, T.Y. and Deng, G., 1990. "The 
Enlarger-Digitizer Approach: Accuracy and 
Reliability." Photogrammetric Engineering and 
Remote Sensing, 56(2):243-246. 
Faig,- W., F.R. Wilson, and T.Y. Shih, 1992. 
"Photogrammetry A Practical Tool for Car Collision 
Investigation." Paper accepted for publication in 
CISM Journal. 
Hellwich, O. and W. Faig, 1992.  "Graph-Based 
Matching of Stereo Image Features." Paper prepared 
for 1992 ISPRS Congress. 
Leberl, F., Ebner, H. and Dowman, I, 1992. "Design 
Issues of Softcopy Photogrammetric Workstations." 
Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing, 
58(1): 49. 
Shih, T.Y. and E.E. Derenyi, 1992. "Digital Mono- 
Plotter for Map Revision." Paper prepared for the 
11th Symposium on Science and Technology of 
Surveying and Mapping, National Cheng-Kung 
University, Tainan, Taiwan. 
Tumbas, N. S., and Smith, R. A., 1988. "Measuring 
Protocol for Quantifying Vehicle Damage fro an 
Energy Basis Point of View." SAE Technical Paper 
Series 880072, The Engineering Society for 
Advancing Mobility Land Sea Air and Space. 
USDoT, 1986. Crash 3 Technical Manual. U.S. 
Department of Transportation, National Highway 
Traffic Safety Administration, National Center for 
Statistics and Analysis, Accident Investigation 
Division. 
   
  
Load Image 2 
Ÿ 
Digitize Reference Marks 
Ÿ 
Projective Transformation 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Digitize Feature Points 
  
  
  
Image Matching 
Search Image 1 
  
  
  
  
Space Intersection 
  
  
Figure 6. The Operation Flow for the Semi-Automated Scheme