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The state-of-the-art in close-range photogrammetry is
characterized by the fact, that there exists co-existence of
“ several imaging and measurement systems (various analogue
and digital cameras, analytical and digital measurement
devices). It is an important function of the photogrammetrist to
select the tools suitable to a specific application. The manifold
tasks are handled by both engineering consultants and
universities. That means, e.g. the survey of components or
large assembly jigs in machine tool industry, car industry,
aircraft industry etc. and also the investigation of macro photos
or object movements (Schewe, 1988; Bayer et al, 1989,
Kotowski, 1989; Heister & Peipe, 1990; Luhmann, 1990;
Krzystek, 1990; Jacobsen, 1991; Przybilla, 1991; Dold &
Riechmann, 1991).
Apart from industrial photogrammetry, another main
application of close-range photogrammetry should be
mentioned: architecture and archaeology. In general,
photography of buildings and monuments results from film-
based cameras. Image measurement takes place on analytical
plotters but also on so-called simple systems consisting of a
digitizing tablet and a PC (measurement of enlarged paper
prints, e.g. Rolleimetric MR2; Pomaska, 1988). Photographs
digitized on a scanner or digital images produced by CCD
cameras are subject to digital evaluation, for instance in a PC-
supported procedure (e.g. Benning & Effkemann, 1991). The
results of 3-D measurements should arise in conjunction with a
CAD system or information system, respectively. This means
that the user (architect, archaeologist) can handle the further
data processing and editing by himself. Equally important
seems the representation and visualization of architectural
objects after having reached new qualities due to digital
methods (Stephani & Tang, 1990). The wide range of
applications in architectural photogrammetry encloses the
investigation of stone damages as well as the optimized survey
of large buildings (Mauelshagen & Strackenbrock, 1990;
Kotowski et al., 1989).
Finally, newly published books are mentioned that treat the
subject close-range photogrammetry more or less extensively:
Weimann, 1988; Wester-Ebbinghaus, 1989b; Gruen &
Kahmen, 1989; Regensburger, 1990.
COMMISSION VI
(Dipl.-Ing. H. Kantelhardt)
1. Business Management
The two factories of Zeiss (Jena and Oberkochen) have joined
in the field of photogrammetry and remote sensing. They now
have one management.
2. Education, Qualification and Retraining
Because of the unification another university for education in
photogrammetry and remote sensing exists in Dresden.
Therefore now ten universities of the upper grade and 12 of
the lower grade exist. A special DGPF-working group works
on a report for the job description of photogrammetry and
remote sensing in Germany. The ISPRS working group VI/3
has set up a special German group of 25 specialists in order to
publish already the German dictionary with previous idioms of
the English and French languages in 1992. Because the Work
of setting up the Multilingual Dictionary is very difficult, this
step was necessary.
4]
COMMISSION VII
(Dr. K.A. Ulbricht)
1. Programmes
With the use of remote sensing data national environmental
programmes in regard to polar ozone, greenhouse effect,
atmospheric chemistry, tropical ecosystems, marine ecology
and model development were managed. Sometimes the
activities were linked to related international programmes like
IGBP, WCRF, EPOCH, STEP or GEWEX. Within new
satellite projects of global change Germany has developed the
ATMOS concept for atmospheric chemistry and ocean
productivity research. German contributions to the ISY range
from formation and cooperative execution of utilization
projects (e.g. all weather ship routing through ice, ozone
studies, environmental monitoring with satellite images) over
sophisticated sensor missions, bilateral endeavors, student
contests and training in space applications to scholarships for
students from developing countries.
2. Antarctic
For the Antarctic region the GIA system (Geoscientific
Antarctic Information System) including satellite, fixpoint,
height and name data was established. With the participation
of ten German research institutes the OEA programme for
detection of the correlation ocean-ice-atmosphere was
focussed. For the receiving of ERS-1 SAR data the ground
station TRAFES was funded by the Federal Research Ministry.
There should be a production of antartic maps from satellite
imagery, aerial photographs and thematic data.
3. Interpretation of ERS-1 and Radar Data
For the use of ERS-1 satellite data the German data processing
and archiving facility (D-PAF) was built-up. ERS-1 activities
are a study on calibration and land applications (CALA), a
Radar map of Germany, PRARE accuracy in the cm-range and
the measurement of ice coverage. Combinations of ERS-1,
Spot and Landsat imagery are used for crop inventory, land
use mapping, urban and regional planning and oceanographic
questions. The X-SAR with 3-cm wavelength provides
weather independent imagery on soil and vegetation. 4.
Thematic Mapping
Frequently the remotely sensed data were linked to GIS. For
Central Europe a digital landscape model was developed.
Remote sensing data were used for the production of geo-
ecological maps, for thematic forest maps and forest disease,
for information systems in the landing and take-off area of
airports, for the multitemporal analysis of contaminated sites,
for multispectral classification and for the detection of sealed
areas.
