t pollu-
inoma-
ı when
ns the
h were
erwent
of situ-
dy be-
Jes ta-
or per-
ial and
re de-
which
of oxi-
ntial of
s. The
forms
oorga-
ost of
2SS on
petro-
od that
aused
tance-
fficient
called
ot pre-
f envi-
s. The
IS Car-
gene-
a and
) 2500
surro-
s from
zed in
s as a
J tank
ermal
re
ual a-
jrams
nding
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eratu-
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em it
to the
tffered
eaker
Fig. 7. Thermogram and vision image of the underground
fuel tanks. Z1,22,Z3-tanks underground, N-area without
plants cover, T-grass cover.
2.3. The region of the railway ramp
A wide temperature temperature range from 19,4 to 30,1
is characteristic for the whole area together with the terra-
in elements. The region of the railway ramp is very rich
with technical infrastructure (warehouses, fuel tanks,
drafts of furnace fuel and railway siding with standing ci-
stern). Surface tanks used for petroleum products are
characterized by lower temperature (20,2 - 21,8°C) be-
cause small quantities of fuel are stored in them or there
is a lack of it. Higher temperature is typical for the harde-
ned road surface because they contain oil derivatives
substances. The zone of railway cisterns and the area of
fuel outlet are considered as the sore point of the analy-
sed area. There were 7 cisterns with fuel during the air
registration of the thermograms.
Fig. 8. Thermogram and vision image of the railway
ramp.D-trees, N-area without plants cover, DR-non-
hardened roads, DU-hardened roads,
T-grass cover, SO-store of fernace fuel, K-rail ways, SK-
cistern carriages, ZA, ZB, ZC, ZD-tanks surface, F-front
outlet of fuels, B4-oil ware-house, B5-central pump, B6-
railway depot.
The temperatures of these cisterns reached 27,9°C. The
zone of the outlet front reached the highest temperatures
which proves the presence of fuel inside it. It is clarly in-
dicated by colours typical for the highest thermograms
(28,6 - 29,3°C). The area of railway ramp where the fuel
is reloaded, due to its systematic utilizations, is exposed
to fuel leakage from cistern and pipeline valves into soil -
fig.8
It was proved by KVA sounding of the second serie at
the depth from 1m to 1,64m presented in table 1.
Tabel 1.
Results of KVA sounding
Sounding | Depth of | Type of detec | Hydrocarbon
number sounding 4 “tortube | 6
| (ml | | [ppm]
S5 | 7 1.0 | Kitagawa*/ F5 242
1.0 Dräger**/ 180
S6 1.64 Kitagawa > 1400
1.40 Dräger 22500
S7 1.70 Kitagawa « 50
S8 1.70 Kitagawa « 50
*/ Kitagawa - General Hydrocarbon Detector Tube (50 -
1400 ppm)
***/ Dráger - Petroleum Hydrocarbons 100/a n-octan
(100 - 2500 ppm)
2.4. Municipal wastes damp
There is a great danger of spontaneous ignition or fires to
people who work on large waste damps. The wastes sto-
red on large areas are the mixture of organic and non-
organic materials which decompose into methan, carbon
dioxide and others during physico- chemical and biologi-
cal processes. About 91% of methan originates from ce-
lulose wastes, about 8,4% from nitrogen organic compo-
unds and 0,6% from sugars. Biogas is used in some
damp wastes but unfortunately not in all. There fires can
take place in the places with high concentration of met-
han. TVDS can be applied for detection of such places.
The images are taken from a plane or a helicopter. The
temperature increase is immediately noticed by a scan-
ner and registered in the computer memory. Therefore
we can warm much earlier about the danger. This situ-
ation is presented in fig. 9.
2.5 Monitoring of lake polution
Continuous penetration of lake shores and river banksin
order to localize the sources of pollutions by farms and
119
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B1. Vienna 1996
