The second part of the project, carried out by the United 
Kingdom team included mainly identification of all 
vegetation types within the particular polygons and other 
thematic information from panchromatic photographs, 
initial and final field verification within the project area, 
digitizing of all features from the original map and the new 
overlay and processing and analysis of all geometric 
information with the corresponding thematic data with 
ARC\INFO, to obtain the final results. The classification 
and analysis process was concerned with incorporation of 
13 vegetation classes and 9 non-vegetation classes into the 
habitat coverage [Cassels, 1994]. The vegetation classes 
were selected as follows; 1 - Miombo Woodland, 2 - 
Munga Woodland, 3 - Chipya Woodland, 4 - Chitemene 
Woodland & scrub, 6 - Riverine Fringing Forest, 7 - 
Mushitu Swamp Forest, 8 - Mateshi Dry Forest, 11 - 
Seasonally Wet  Grassland, 12 - Seasonally Wet 
Grassland/Termitaria, 16 - Bush Group, 17 - March or 
Swamp, 18 - Papyrus Swamp, 33 - Cultivation. The other 
classes were concerned with water, geology, roads and 
settlements. 
Examples of the graphic outputs showing combination of 
various vegetation coverages are presented in figure 3, (a) - 
classes 1,2,3,4, (b) - classes 6,7,11,12,16,17, (c) - class 33. 
Rivers and other water bodies are shown in figure 3 (d). 
4. CONCLUSION 
The use of simple photogrammetric methods concerning 
field control densification and mapping of vegetation 
boundaries and other features in area of the Kasanka 
National Park and surrounding  Kafinda Game 
Management Area in Zambia allowed to create a GIS data 
base at low cost and within short time. Both, the cost and 
the time were at least a half of those needed for 
conventional methods of aerial triangulation and mapping. 
158 
Such simple  photogrammetric methods can be 
recommended for mapping other national parks of large 
areas in Africa. 
The project has delivered the initial information, in a form 
of the GIS data base, on habitat in the project area. The 
subsequent research related to wildlife management in this 
Park will be greatly enhanced with the availability of these 
data. The new types of information and the changes in 
time to the Park habitats caused by fire, weather, firewood 
collection, grass cutting, movement of wild animals, 
poaching, fishing and other, can be examined and 
introduced to the basic GIS data base. This allows the 
control of overall wildlife resources and their changes. 
REFERENCES 
Bujakiewicz A., 1993. Revision of 1:50000 map of Kasanka 
National Park, Zambia with the use of photogrammetry. 
Report on the consultancy project 8/1993, Department of 
Surveying, University of Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. 
Cassels K., 1994. A habitat inventory by Physiognomic 
class of Kasanka National Park, Zambia. Dissertation for 
Master of Science in Conservation Biology, Department of 
Biological Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, 
Manchester, United Kingdom. 
Chester C Slama,  Editor., 1980. Manual of 
Photogrammetry. American Society of Photogrammetry, 
Falls Church, pp.453-455. 
Musonda C., 1994. Comparison of graphical-analytical 
planimetric strip aerial triangulation with analogous- 
analytical independent models method. Final year project 
for B.Eng. Surveying degree, Department of Surveying, 
University of Zambia, Lusaka. 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B4. Vienna 1996 
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