DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR THE LOCAL
AUTHORITIES IN TURKEY
ALKIS, Zübeyde, Dilek Yildizi, 7/6 Etiler, Istanbul, Turkey
ISPRS Commission IV, Working Group 4
KEYWORDS: GIS, Urban, Information, System, Urban Information System
ABSTRACT:
In this paper, design and implementation of GIS for the local authorities which are responsible to develop healthy and
correct policies in contemporary cities under the current conditions are examined and an application on a selected
area is presented. Present situation and the relationship between municipality organizations and other sectors,
problems and expectations are examined in the system analysis phase of the implemented system. After this step, the
database design were generated in the PC/ARCINFO GIS software. Digital (DGN) and graphical map sheets were used
as the source of geographic data. Graphic and
non - graphic (descriptive) data were stored, processed and
transformed into the country coordinate system. Also an application program were created in the SML, using the
CLIPPER compiler and commands of GIS S/W and different queries and results are presented.
1. INTRODUCTION
There is a remarkable migration from villages to cities in
Turkey which is a developing country in the world.
Because of economical and political reasons
approximately 400 - 500 thousands immigrants come to
Istanbul each year, which is the biggest city of the
country. It is almost impossible today to provide enough
residence, water, sewer, energy etc. to the great deal of
people. There are squatters houses which are builded
without permission and planning on the public lands even
in unhealthy circumstances. This phenomena have
continued in the big cities in Turkey and especially in
Istanbul since 1950s. In present situation all public lands
are under the treat of illegal occupation. From time to
time, especially just before the general elections the
governments legalize the de facto situation of those
squatter's houses, surely to get political advantage. Due
to the same reason, the municipalities doesn't try to
hinder this process. Today, inhabitants have to live in
inconvenient city conditions, like destroyed nature, sea
and water pollution due to insufficient utility systems, air
pollution due to uncontrolled heating and car exhaust-
systems. The local governments who are responsible to
perform common needs of habitants and to provide for
them contemporary and modern services are helpless
(Alkis, 1994).
The aim of this paper is to present the study which is the
implementation of GIS as a solution for controlling of
urbanization, taking into consideration the desperation of
local governments. The study includes an application of a
pilot project. The initial hardware and software
investment has been foresighted to have low cost but
effective solution. Therefore a GIS is preferred which is
cheaper and manageable by personal computers.
2. IMPLEMENTATION STAGE OF LOCAL
GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM
In this study, the steps were followed according to
structured system analysis and design method (SSADM)
which has been developed on the base of classical
66
database modeling. These are; system analysis and
feasibility, system design, implementation, application
and maintenance ( Sarbonoólu, 1990 ).
2.1. System Analysis
For determination of existence status in the local
government's establishments and other related state and
private organizations, the research to working areas and
their data usage, data sources, data outputs,
organization charts and data process and flows were
conducted.
In the study, the purpose of the system, expectations and
requirements of the users, priorities of the city were
evaluated too.
2.2. System Design
At this stage, entities (geographic data) which will be
used in GIS has been determined. The geographic data
were evaluated in three (3) different types as polygon,
line and point layers according to the logic of the used
GIS software. Attributes which define the graphic data
were determined working commonly with the related
organization's authorized people. Item names, type,
width, lookup tables, symbols of features for each
graphic data were determined for design of database and
a data dictionary generated for the system. Designed
graphic data layers were illustrated as follows:
Polygon layers: Cadastral blocks, cadastral parcels,
boundary of planning, buildings, roads, boundary of
protected water sources, boundary of transportation
areas, natural and artificial resources, sport facilities.
Line layers : Telephone, energy, sewer, water, natural
gas lines, administrative boundaries, natural and artificial
rivers.
Point layers : Map features of PTT (manholes), sewer
(manholes, voults, outfalls etc.), water (valves, hydrants,
pumpen stations ,etc.), energy (poles, transformers, etc.),
natural gas (valves, reductor, etc.), poles, single trees,
geodetic reference points.
The design of GIS were implemented to generate and
perform the following issues :
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B4. Vienna 1996
e Con
suite
geol
e Heat
pollu
e Type
prob
e Infor
and
elect
e Infor
emp!
Infor
Infor
planı
e Infor
of bı
Planime:
Cadastre
Planning
Energy s
Natural ç
Water st
Sewer st
PTT she
Owner re
Inhabitar
Real est:
2.3.1 Gr:
Planimet
coordinat
organiza
transferre
In view à
software.
existing
conversic
Other bl.
using PC
line and |
the digiti:
system a
topology
maps wel
2.3.2 Nor
Owner re
from the
connectio
Inhabitant
connectec
non- grap
type of b
number o
employer
and typed
