Y 
(mm) 
1000 
a EN ier pA 800 
—@—— Left ankle 600 
- - -/A - - Right ankle 
—© Let hand 400 
---A-- Right hand 2-0 - À 200 
un @ 
mE a S" a Lo 
(mm) 8500 8000 7500 7000 6500 6000 5500 
Figure 16. Locus of feature points 
ba 
es ad 210 |o.044 
0.026 
0.512.  13410¢ zz 
0.024 
tag Ri 
| "vu 17 
0.1 
Ie 4 
(8) 
0.053 ü 
[ii 5 2,7! 
0019 m7 109 
(p) 
Figure 17 . Weight ratio 
Y 
(mm) 
] 1000 
Time 
(sec. 8.83 
Time 8.83 
(sec.) 
853 827 793 783 733 703 
(a) Vertical displacement 
  
920 
6.77 
853 827 793 763 733 708 677 
  
(b) Horizontal displacement 
  
X 
(mm) 
Figure 18. Displacement for center of body gravity 
5. CONCLUSION AND FURTHER WORK 
Two issues on dynamic analysis of human motion using 
sequential images have been described in this paper. One 
was data acquisition of camera rotation parameters for 
sequential image using video theodolite system. 
It has been shown that the unknown rotation parameters, 
wand ¢ for sequential images can be obtained as the 
sum of changing vertical and horizontal values resulting 
in w, and ¢ , respectively. Furthermore, it has been 
demonstrated that two dimensional coordinates for human 
feature points in sequential images can be calculated 
using the above parameters (w , ¢ ) and parameters 
otherthan w and ¢ are considered as the same values 
as the calibration results for the orientation image. 
With regard to the second issue, automated extraction 
for some feature points of a human have been achieved 
by using template matching which is combined image 
processing procedure and animation technique. 
Dynamic analysis for human motion in walking has been 
demonstrated. There are , however, some issues which 
need to be resolved before video theodolite system 
becomes operational. These problems include, increased 
speed for data acquisition, 3D template model and 
efficient production of templates. 
However, it is concluded that video theodolite systems 
are a useful tool not only for sports training and 
rehabilitation but also for various real-time 
photogrammetric fields since the rotation parameter can 
be acquired in real time while recording a moving object. 
References 
H. CHIKATSU, S. MURAI, 1992. Sports Dynamics of Carl 
Lewis through 100m Race using Video Imagery, 17th 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote 
Sensing, Vol.29, Part 5, pp.875-879. 
H. CHIKATSU, S. MURAI, 1994. Application of Image 
Analysis to Rowing Dynamics using Video Camera, 
Proceedings of the Commission V Symposium, Vol.30, 
Part 5, pp.35-40. 
H.CHIKATSU, S.MURAI, 1994. Utilization of a Video 
Theodolite System for Dynamic Analysis of Human 
Motion, Journal of the Japan Society of Photogrammetry 
and Remote Sensing, Vol.33,No.3,pp.77-80. 
H.CHIKATSU, S.MURAI,1995. Application of a Video 
Theodolite System for Sports Dynamics, International 
Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 
Vol.30, Part 5W1,pp.110-115. 
Y.D.Huand, I. Harley, 1989. A New camera calibration 
method needing no control field, Optical-3D Measurement 
Techniques, pp.49-56. 
94 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B5. Vienna 1996 
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