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[[S Press, N.Y., 
A COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF 
DIGITAL AND CONVENTIONAL NON-METRIC 
CAMERAS FOR ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS 
W. Faig', H. El-Habrouk', X.P. Li', M. Hosny? 
"Department of Geodesy and Geomatics Engineering 
University of New Brunswick 
Fredericton, N.B. 
Canada, E3B 2Y1 
“Transportation Department 
Faculty of Engineering 
Alexandria University 
Alexandria, Egypt, 21544 
Commission V, Working Group 3 
KEY WORDS: Close-Range, Non-Metric, Digital Camera, Deformation Monitoring, Performance Comparison 
ABSTRACT: 
This paper compares the performance of an off-the-self digital camera with that of a non-metric film based camera for 
structural deformation monitoring. 
A Fujix DS-100 still digital camera and an Olympus OM 10 non-metric camera were utilized to determine the deformation 
of a structural model for a light weight roof when different loads were applied. 
For this comparison, the same photogrammetric network design, control configuration and self calibrating bundle 
adjustment were used for data evaluation. 
The results obtained illustrate the potential of digital cameras for such engineering applications. 
KURZFASSUNG: 
In diesem Artikel wird die Leistungsfáhigkeit einer Digitalkamera für Deformationsmessungen mit der einer 
herkómmlichen Amateurkamera verglichen. 
Die Digitalkamera FUJIX DS-100 und die Amateurkamera OLYMPUS OM 10 wurden zur Deformationsmessung eines 
Fláchentragwerkmodells unter verschiedenen Belastungen eingesetzt. 
Zu Vergleichszwecken wurde dieselbe Aufnahmeanordnung, Passpunktverteilung und Bündelausgleichung mit 
Selbstkalibrierung gewähit. 
1. INTRODUCTION 
Among all the present methods for deformation monitoring, 
close-range photogrammetry is well suited as a precise, non- 
contact, and rapid approach, especially for model studies. 
Basically, deformation monitoring constitutes a special 
application of point determination methods, using precise 
coordinate measurements of identical object points in two or 
more epochs ( Ackermann, 1994 ). 
Analytical close-range photogrammetry has reached a high 
level of accuracy which has made it feasible and practical for 
precision work. Digital close-range photogrammetry has 
become a recent competitor for most applications. Its main 
advantages are the ease and speed, as well as accurate and 
automated data acquisition and evaluation. 
The development in digital photogrammetric techniques has 
reached a high degree of maturity such that it can be used in 
a variety of different applications ( Grün, 1994 ). One of these 
applications is in structural deformation monitoring using a 
test model. 
In this paper, the performance of a digital camera is 
compared to that of a non-metric film based camera for defor- 
147 
mation monitoring. Model preparation, network design, data 
acquisition and evaluation are briefly discussed. Results and 
conclusions are presented. 
2. MODEL PREPARATION 
A structural model of a light weight roof was utilized to 
compare the performance of an off-the-self digital camera 
with that of a non-metric camera. This model consists of a 
wooden box, 94 cm long and 63 cm wide, the height along 
the longer walls was 15 cm, and 26 cm along the shorter 
ones. 
A wire net of 11 x 17 wires was spanned from opposite walls, 
simulating hanging and standing cables. Adjacent wires were 
separated by 5 cm in both directions, forming 187 
intersections which were used as deformation monitoring 
points for the roof surface. 
In order to provide the best definition and identification of 
these points, both size and colour of the wires had to be 
optimized. Wires with diameter of 8.5 um were most suitable 
for the selected photo scale ranging from about 1:90 to 
1:300. The black colour for the wires provided the best 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B5. Vienna 1996