approach to 
ic distortion, 
a. Regional 
Proc. of the 
temporal and 
synthesis, R. 
STEREOSCOPIC COMPUTER MEASUREMENTS OF MULTY-TIME IMAGES FOR 
INVESTIGATION OF MOUNTAIN GLACIER MOVEMENTS 
prof. Yu. F. Knizhnikov, R. N. Gelman 
Moscow State University by M.V.Lomonosov, 
Geographic Faculty, 
Laboratory of Aerospace Methods. 
Commission V, Working Group V/III 
KEY WORDS : Geography, Monitoring, Photography, Digital, Stereoscopic, Scanner Photography 
Stereoscopic, Different Time Photograms, Glacier Movement Measurement. 
Abstract 
The paper deals with the method intended for ice 
movement velocity determination of mountainous 
glaciers. It is based upon measurement of different 
time aerial photos. As only contact prints of the 
aerial photograms were available for researchers the 
version based on digital photogrammetry and 
relatively simple equipment has been chosen and 
developed. Processing results have shown that 
glacier movement could be estimated with sufficient 
accuracy and without using expensive 
photogrammetric plotters by using the suggested 
technique. 
Introduction 
Application of digital photogrammetry to study 
dynamical parameters of glaciers has not yet 
obtained wide representation in technical literature. 
As one of only a few examples, a paper on 
unsynchronized aerial photograms useg for ground 
shifts measurements, and glaciological objects in 
particular, may be mentioned (Crippen, 1992). 
Several methods for determination of surficial 
velocity of glacier movement based on quasi- 
Stereoscopic effect have been developed in the 
Moscow University Geographical Faculty, 
Laboratory of Aerospace Methods, following widely 
known Finsterwalder work (Finsterwalder, 1958). 
The most universal one known as the "Method of 
Horizontal Vectors" and is shown in the paper along 
with computeraided technique for repeated aerial 
photo processing made for Pamir glacier Medvezhy. 
This method provides for the daily detection of ice 
movement velocity and photogrammetric modeling 
to geometrically represent the glacier surface.The 
process is founded on relatively simple and widely 
distributed equipment and contact prints of aerial 
photos. It was considered that such data is often 
available for glaciologists and as such the use of 
299 
high precision measuring devices is not prachcable. 
Otherwise, as it was correctly mentioned in 
literature, for example (Klaver, 1993) precision and 
cost of the measuring system are  interrelated 
parameters, therefore a significant decrease in the 
working cost takes place if precision is limited to 
an acceptable minimum. 
General grounds of the method 
  
  
Fig.1. Geometric scheme of the method of the 
movement velocity measurement. Stereopairs of 
simultaneous aerrial photograms L1-R1 and different 
time photograms L1-R2 were used.The model 
koordinate system and the photos orientation 
elements are shown. 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B5. Vienna 1996