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a 1996 
PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENT OF DEFORMATIONS OF THE GABCÍKOVO LOCK GATE 
BARTOS P. - GREGOR V. 
Slovak Technical University,Bratislava, Slovakia 
Commission V,Working Group 3 
KEY WORDS: Industry,Close range,Analytical, Software, Monitoring, Bundle Adjustment, Camera. 
ABSTRACT: 
The paper presents application of photogrammetric measurements of lock gate deformations.Spatial lock gate 
deformations are measured by means of the analytical intersection method utilizing the ORIENT software 
(ORIENT,1991).Deformations are caused by lock filling with parameters changing due to the water level elevation in the 
lock. The achieved accuracy, given by the mean true error m, - 1-3 mm, is sufficient to express the expected maximum 
deformations of about 45 mm. This method can be used during full operation of the lock to enable regular monitoring of 
the lock's safety parameters. 
1. INTRODUCTION 
Locks of the Hydro-electric system Gabéikovo are by their 
dimensions unique not only in the Slovak Republic but 
also in Europe and we can say all over the 
world. Therefore it is natural that construction of such 
work requires the cooperation of a wide group of 
specialists. That concerns not only the complete work but 
also individual tasks as well as activities during the 
construction of such work. 
After the crush of the left gate of the left lock in March 
1994 it was necessary to replace the construction of the 
gate.The left lock gate crushed just before reaching the 
maximum water level in the lock and the outflowing water 
below the gate caused big backward wave which 
damaged the gate of the right lock.To accelerate 
navigable conditions of the Danube it was necessary to 
repair immediately the right gate.The result of specific 
conditions was to accept such technological procedure of 
the repair that could be considered as temporary 
solution. The complete exchange of this gate is planned 
within a short time. 
High rate of hydrostatic pressure on the gate makes it as 
exposed construction. Naturally before starting to work this 
kind of construction,the complex quality check as well as 
reliable functioning of gate was performed. 
Assembling of the construction of the left lock gate was 
performed in so called "dry dock" that means a section of 
a lock closed off with upper and lower temporary steel 
barriers and after pumping off the water assembling 
takes place in dry environment. The dry dock is suitable for 
loading test of the gate by onesided pressure of water 
after removal the upper barrier.In the case of loading test 
33 
without dry dock it is not possible to test gate under 
maximum pressure designed. 
Loading test of the left gate was performed within 15. Jan. 
to 18 Jan. 1995 to determine its deformations using more 
measuring methods.Tensiometric measurements were 
performed by Technical and Testing Institute for Civil 
Engineering in Bratislava and simultaneous geodetic and 
photogrammetric measurements by Department of 
Surveying,Slovak Technical University in Bratislava. 
Presented paper is devoted to problems of 
photogrammetric measurements of 3-D deformations of 
the gate during the loading test. 
2. PHOTOGRAMMETRIC MEASUREMENTS OF 
LOCK GATE DEFORMATIONS 
The loading test on the left gate of the Gabéikovo lock 
arised the question, whether the lock filling process may 
cause the deformation, eventually deflection of the gate to 
a greater extent than permitted by the given project. 
The method applied to solve this problem should 
determine the spatial position of observed points, marked 
by targets on the tested gate in very short time intervals 
(stages). The single stages depend on the water level in 
the lock. 
The photogrammetric intersection method utilizing the 
analytic software ORIENT is a convenient method for the 
solution of this problem with sufficient accuracy.This 
software has been developed at the Vienna Technical 
University, in the Institute for Photogrammetry and 
Remote Sensing . 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B5. Vienna 1996