projected, which can set the model into a realistic or 
even surrealistic surrounding. Ground can be covered 
by different materials. Fog and haze could simulate 
the effect of normal haze in the background up to real 
fog. Colors of haze correspond to background color. 
Vegetation acts as normal 3D-objects, producing 
shadows and beeing reflected. 
Some ideas what can be done are shown in figure 4. 
Simulation of the projected roof is included. Shingles 
where assigned to the roof’s surface. This model is 
prepared for an animation. Viewpoint animation or 
sunlight animation is possible. A viewpoint animation is 
known as a "walk through". Along a defined path are 
the frames calculated. The frame sequence is stored 
in a FLIC-file and can be animated with every 
animation player. The sunlight animation calculates a 
frame sequence from a fixed viewpoint under 
changing light conditions. 
SUMMARY 
A procedure for setting up a digital model of a civil 
engineering object is described. Bitmaps are derivated 
from photogrammetric images using rectification 
parameters. They are calculated from point 
information existing in the vector model compared with 
the corresponding points in the image. Rectifying 
includes image deformation corrections resulting from 
digitizing and lens distortion. The output provides a 
scaled bitmap with 2D-pixel information. These 
bitmaps are related to their 3D-surfaces stored in the 
CAD-model. Common CAD-programs or rendering 
utilities allow scaling and orientation of bitmaps 
according to the existing spatial vector information. 
Adding pixel information to the vector data allows 
photorealistic presentation, animation and printing of 
scaled digital images from which geometric 
information can be derived. 
Apart from photogrammetric evaluation, also image 
processing is necessary for getting homogeneous 
brightness and contrast or masking. Masking is 
important for contour and content correction as well 
as combination of separate photos. Software products 
such as Adobe Photoshop are recommended to carry 
out the image processing. 
It is the aim of this paper to describe a procedure for 
receiving a complete 3D-digital object model from 
multi image photogrammetry. Photogrammetric 
functions are supported by standard software 
packages for CAD modelling, rendering and digital 
imaging 
First results and experiences are presented with the 
recording of an ancient castle named Hundisburg 
located in Germany. 
References : 
Ray-trace rendering and animation in AutoCAD, 
Robert McNeel & Ass., 1995 
Adele Droblas Greenberg, Seth Greenberg: Digital 
Images,Osborne McGraw Hill,Berkeley, 1995 
George Walberg: Digital Image Warping, IEEE, 1990 
Günter Pomaska: Aspects of todays photogrammetry - 
the digital approach, CAE-Seminar, Fachhochschule 
Bielefeld, 1995 
492 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXI, Part B5. Vienna 1996 
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