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THE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC USE OF THE PANORAMIC CAMERAS 
G, Inghilleri - R. Galetto 
4 — PURPOSES OF THE STUDY AND GEOMETRIC STRUCTURE OF THE PANORAMIC CAMERAS, 
  
  
1.1 —- PURPOSES OF THE STUDY. 
This study was conducted in order to investigate the possibilities of a 
photogrammetric use of panoramic cameras. It is especially advisable to define 
with precision what is meant by photogrammetric use. In fact, panoramic came 
ras have been the object of numerous studies, some of which were essentially 
meant to determine the conditions for attaining an optimum image definition 
and thus consider the cameras as instruments of photointerpretation. Other stu 
dies on the contrary consider the panoramic camera for an plain photogrammetric 
use, or even metric use; i.e., that of determining the ground coordinates of 
a point, the image of which appears in a panoramic photogram. In such studies, 
the relations between coordinates of the points images and the ground coordi 
nates are determined, the parameters of orientation being known, and the pre 
oision obtainable in the determination of the ground coordinates are studied 
after investigating all the sources of error. In particular for those cameras 
in which, because of a perceptible duration in the shooting of the images, the 
parameters of camera external orientation change during the actual picture 
shooting, the parameters are given known for each value of the scanning angle. 
We intend to deduce the orientation parameters of a panoramic camera 
in each of the following cases! 
a) for a single photogram, when a sufficient number of control points (space 
resection) are given; 
b) for a couple of photograms i.e. the formation of a model with panoramic pho 
tograms; 
c) for a series of photograms, or a computation of an entire strip of panora 
mic photograms. 
As a consequence of such a presentation of the problem, it is necessary 
to precisely state that from the point of view of the precision of the resilts, 
the same exigencies of the analytic photogrammetry are adopted as are used in 
the normal frame cameras, In particular we shall attempt to determine the me 
trical exigencies upon which the panoramic cameras should be based, the photo 
grams produced, and the methods adopted so that the results obtained may be 
comparable to those which oan be obtained with a plane camera. 
1.2 = TYPICAL PANORAMIC CAMERA. 
We establish that the camera object of the study is any type of panora 
mic camera that can be reduced to a chimney type camera, as for the point of 
view of the photogram produced. 
In such a camera (see Figure 13, it is supposed that the film is laid 
flat and fixed onto a cylindrical surface during the "scanning", the chimney 
lens unit can undergo a translation along the axis of the cylinder and thus 
along the rotation axis, for the purpose of eliminating or reducing the rela 
tive speeds which, as a consequence of the motion of the camera in space du 
ring the shooting photo, can cause a blurring of the image (image motion cor 
reotion = IMC).