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4. Pyramidal and high spatial resolution airborne
automatic image acquisition of minefields in the visible,
near infra red and thermal infrared wavelengths
In the project ARC were combined unmanned aerial
helicopter. CAMCOPTER, two sensors providing four
channels imaging and data fusion system, Fig. 9, (EC IST
ARC, 2000). Several field missions (named Trials) were
realised in he project in which were collected ground based
and airborne images and data from different platforms
(airplane Cesna-172R, helicopter Mi-8, sky lift Denka,
helicopter Bell-206, armoured vehicle Wolf) and with 7
electro optical sensors. For system implementation were
selected two digital matrix cameras, one for visible green,
visible red, near infrared and one for thermal infrared).
2
Figure 9. Unmanned aerial helicopter CAMCOPTER was
approved as an efficient platform for automatic pyramidal
image acquisition (EC IST ARC, 2000).
In Trials in 2002 and 2003 were acquired by CAMCOPTER
4 channel images, at heights above terrain from 30 to 900 m,
over area of 2 —3 km! in regions of Pristeg and Glinska
poljana, Fig. 1 and Fig. 2. Ground resolving distances were in
range from 5 to 40 cm.
In May 2003 was performed last aerial mapping campaign
(minefield test) of the duration of two weeks, and final
phases of the development and of validation of the project
stared. Results of the ARC projects will be available at the
end of the year 2003.
5. Multisensor remote sensing system on board of
helicopter Bell-206
The spin-off result of project ARC is a multisensor airborne
remote sensing system (Bajic, M., Tadic, T., 2002), Fig. 10.
Figure 10. Three sensors are installed on board of helicopter
Bell-206.
This system uses digital electro-optical sensors, with
computer controlled acquisition and GPS based navigation.
The sensors are: 4 channels digital camera (MS-3100) for
visible and near infrared wavelengths from 0.4 to 1.0 um,
with optical objectives having focal lengths 17, 24 and 28
mm; thermal infrared camera (THV-1000) for wavelengths
8-14 um with 2 fields of view; hyper spectral line scanner
with 99 channels for wavelengths 0.430 — 0.900 pum. For the
mission planning, flight control and reporting were used
digital moving map and real-time positioning of the platform
by means of the GPS. The whole system is digital,
interoperable and compatible with Mine information system
(MIS) and GIS of CROMAC, based on MapInfo, see
example Fig. 11. The system was used in several operational
remote sensing mission (total route length about 180 km),
and for the research inside of project ARC. Team of operators
and interpreters was established and is available for the use,
maintenance and development ofthe system. The efficiency,
operational availability, and cost - benefit were assessed and
the suitability of the system for considered purpose was
approved, see example of minefield indicators at Fig. 12.
Figure 11. Example of the corridor like mosaic of the part of
access road in the mine suspected area. Mosaic is overlaid
onto the scanned map at the scale 1:5 000. Overlapping in
the flight direction can be up to 9094 for 130 m, the lowest
flight height over mined areas. The single image covers
approximately 90 x 70 m.
Figure 12. Trenches are easily detectable at thermal infra red
images collected by THV-1000 from 500 m above terrain as
waved lines. They are reliable indicators of mined area.
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