Full text: Resource and environmental monitoring

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REMOTE SENSING AND GEOLOGY OF HOGGAR: CONTRIBUTION 
OF LANDSAT T.M. IMAGES TO THE GEOLOGICAL CARTOGRAPHY 
AT THE 1/500.000 SCALE AND THE SPECTRAL CHARACTERISATION 
OF THE ALTERATION PROFILE WITH URANIUM MINERALISATION 
Ahmed Zine Eddine SAAD 
Laboratoire de Télédétection, 
Centre National des Techniques Spatiales, 
BP13, Arzew- 31200, Algérie. 
Commission VII , Working group N? 7 
KEY WORDS: In-Azaoua, Lineament, Spectral Data, Alteration, Uranium Mineralisation, Iron 
Index, Acidity Index. 
ABSTRACT 
This work has two major objectives. The first one consists of establishing an analytic geological map of the region of 
IN-AZAOUA at the 1/500.000 scale using remote sensing and their fracturing coherent systems (comprehensive and 
quantitative analysis of the lineaments). The zone of study is characterized by two sets, a sandstone sedimentary and 
the other formed by cristalline rocks. Thus, a correlation between spectral data issued from different bands of the 
Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite with the rocks characteristics of the Precambrian and Primary formations of the 
basin of IN-AZAOUA was established. The contribution of the thermal infrared data was determinant and to a lesser 
degree the T.M7. 
The second objective of this work consists of the characterization of the alteration profile of the types ferrugination 
(iron oxide) and kaolinization (aluminum silicates) with regards to the Uranium mineralization via T.M data. The 
ferric iron index and the acidity index calculus were used respectively. These two indexes application to the alteration 
profile made it possible to make conclusive remarks. Thus, the ferric iron index showed some spectral, structural and 
morphologic informations. As regards to the acidity index, which is supposed to inform us on the second alteration 
type or kaolinization with respect to the white color facies is « sinking » by the desert varnish which influences the 
spectral response. 
Spectral simulations made on iron oxides and hydroxides show similar behaviours compared to image samples, their 
clay simulation is desappointing because TM5 and TM7 do not characterize clay minerals. This could be explained by 
the outcrop conditions of the HOGGAR, in general, and also the imaging system of Landsat. 
RESUME 
L'objectif de ce travail est double. Le premier consiste à établir la carte géologique télé - analytique de la région d'IN- 
AZAOUA au 1/500.000 “™) et leurs systèmes cohérents de la fracturation (analyse quantitative et compréhensive des 
linéaments). Le terrain d'étude se caractérise par deux ensembles, l'un sédimentaire gréseux et l'autre 
cristallophyllien. Ainsi une corrélation entre les données spectrales recueillies par les différents canaux du satellite 
Landsat Thematic Mapper avec les caractéristiques des roches des formations précambriennes et primaires du bassin 
d'IN - AZAOUA ( HOGGAR Central Méridional ) fut établie.L'apport des données Infrarouge Thermique a été 
déterminant et à un degré moindre le TM7. 
Le second objectif du travail consiste en la caractérisation du profil d'altération de type ferruginisation (oxydes de fer) 
et de type kaolinisation (alumino- silicates) en relation avec la minéralisation uranifére par le biais des données 
Thematic Mapper. Le calcul de l'indice de fer ferrique et de l'indice d'acidité ont été utilisés respectivement. 
L'application de ces deux indices au profil d'altération a permis de faire des constatations probantes. Ainsi l'indice de 
fer ferrique a fait ressortir des informations d'ordre spectral, structural et morphologique. Quant à l’indice d’acidité; 
supposé nous renseigner sur le second type d’altération ou kaolinisation en relation avec le faciès de teinte blanchâtre: 
est « noyé » par la patine désertique qui influence les réponses spectrales. Des simulations spectrales faites sur les 
International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXII, Part 7, Budapest, 1998 601 
 
	        
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