answers the question: which classes are updated more than
the average and less then the average?
These indices can be used to compare changes derived for areas
of different size, and/or different time span and to work out
operational updating scenarios.
5. USE OF CORINE LAND COVER DATA
The ETC/LC organised in 1997 a Workshop on land cover
applications at European scale. The workshop illustrated how
CORINE Land Cover data actually is used by compiling 28
applications from projects from all parts of Europe to exemplify
specific domains or application fields. The objective was to
demonstrate and assess the land cover data in environmental and
integrated applications particular reference to needs of the EC
environmental policies. Table 4 gives a survey of the
environmental domains illustrated and the regional coverage of
the examples.
Table 4: Application domains
Application field Coverage of examples
Nature conservation European
Water management Regional
Forest fragmentation European-Regional
Coastal management European
Transport European
Air pollution distribution Regional-European
Agriculture Regional
Urbanisation Local comparison of
European cities
Structural funds/Land planning Regional
Soil degradation — desertification | Local-Regional
Hazards (forest fires, flooding) Regional
The examples from both EEA member states and Phare countries
illustrate the conclusion of the workshop: CORINE Land Cover
data, when combined or integrated with other data sets in a GIS
environment, constitutes georeferenced data of basic importance
to environmental analysis, evolution studies, evaluation of
pressures and trend analysis, related to spatial problems or
issues.
More information is accessible on the Website as an annex to the
Proceedings from the Workshop, under the heading "Workshop
on Land Cover Applications! (http://www.mdc.kiruna.se/etc/
Workshop/contents.htm).
6. CONCLUSIONS
Results of the CORINE Land Cover project have been integrated
into the environmental database of the European Union. Due to
the clearly defined, relatively simple technology and good project
management, an up to date, uniform and harmonised land cover
database has already been compiled for large part of the
continent. Its main aim is to provide quantitative basis for
defining environment policy in Europe. The database is widely
used also on national level and fosters multi-country cooperation
on various problems related to environment. High resolution
satellite imagery and advanced methods of spatial data
processing have been the two most important technical catalysts
of these achievements. The same tools make possible to update
and “down date” the database, hence providing information on
land cover changes. According to extended experiments, the
methodology of CORINE Land Cover can be applied at larger
scale as well, to provide more spatial and thematic information
for regional decision-making.
References:
Aaviksoo, K., 1997. Personal communication.
Büttner, G., 1997. Computer assisted verification and correction of
CORINE Land Cover photointerpretation. Phare CORINE/EEA
Newsletter No.6. pp. 8-11.
Büttner, G., Maucha, G., Bíró M., 1998. Land Cover change
detection using the CORINE methodology. ECO'BP 98 Symposium
(see this Proceedings).
Dewos, W., 1997. The first CORINE Phare inventones CD-ROM is
ready. Phare CORINE/EEA Newsletter No.5. pp.18.
ETL/LC, 1997a. CORINE Land Cover Directory. Prepared for the
European Environment Agency.
ETC/LC, 1997b. Assessment of the existing experiences of the 4^
and 5" level CORINE Land Cover nomenclature. Prepared for the
European Environment Agency.
ETL/LC, 1997c. Report on updating. Prepared for the European
Environment Agency.
European Commission, 1993. CORINE Land Cover, Technical
Guide, EUR 12585, Bruxelles, Luxembourg.
Feranec, J., Ot'ahel, J., Pravda, J ., 1995. Proposal for a methodology
and nomenclature scale 1:50.000 CORINE Land Cover Project,
Final Report, Institute of Geography, Slovak Academy of Sciences,
Bratislava.
Jaakkola, O., 1994. Finnish CORINE Land Cover — A feasibility
study of automatic generalization and data quality assessment.
Reports of the Finnish Geodetic Institute, 1994/4.
O'Sullivan, G., 1992. CORINE Land Cover Project (Ireland),
Survey Ireland, pp.37-43, November 1992.
Perdigao, V., Annoni, A., 1997. Technical and methodological guide
for updating CORINE Land Cover Data Base. JRC/EEA.
Phare, 1996. Phare Natural Resources CD-ROM, Phare Programme,
European Commission DG IA B5.
PTL/LC, 1998. Methods of Computer-Assisted Photo-
interpretation and Land Cover Changes Detection. Prepared for
the European Environment Agency.
Steenmans, C. and Bossard, M. 1996. CORINE Land Cover data
inventory for the first six Phare countries now complete. Phare
CORINE/EEA Newsletter No.4. pp. 7-10.
Swedish Space Corporation, 1994. CORINE landtackning — ett
pilotprojekt 1 Sverige (in Swedish, with English summary).
638 International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXII, Part 7, Budapest, 1993
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