The result of this second test is very satisfying. We have experienced, however, that 
for map remaking and especially for revision, we can apply automation only step by step and that 
data processing can, for the time being, only be used in small partial fields as an auxiliary means. 
Therefore, our State Survey Office intensely continues the tests and work in conformity with this 
second test. 
As a final aim one can imagine a complete data file for a large scale, which is continuous- 
ly or cyclically revised and can be called at any date and for any scale and can be presented auto- 
matically. Then, it will also be possible to revise the map series of different scales independently 
of each other, a problem which can hardly be solved at present. 
Certainly, it will still be a long way until this final aim will be attained with a continuous 
data flow by way of the complete terrain model to the automatically revised map, although photo- 
grammetry is evolving strongly in the direction of digital plotting, and already today would it be 
possible to establish such a data file basingon the existing data acquisition. 
The problem, however, is to prepare our maps quicker, not the day after to-morrow but 
already today, and above all to revise them in a shorter time. Therefore, in my opinion it seems 
to be reasonable to continue in a consequent manner the way we have started with the second test. 
That means, that the flow of operations must be checked continuously and that all existing proce- 
dures must be combined optimally. Doing this, we must adapt and improve the individual steps of 
the procedure continuously to the technical evolution. Above all, we must intensely cooperate in 
developing procedures utilizing electronic data processing for cartographic work. The most im- 
portant task which, in my opinion, can soon be realized, is to develop projection disks comprising 
the different map symbols, so that the plotters equipped with photographic plotting head and tan- 
gential control can be employed in a more optimal manner than they have been so far. 
It is also urgently necessary to develop laws for the generalization of the different map 
elements. It must be highly appreciated that many institutions are engaged with this difficult pro- 
blem and that already satisfactory projects exist for some map elements. If these partial problems 
will be solved, we will be able to introduce automation to a considerable larger extent into the 
working flow and to revise our maps quicker and to approach the final aim indicated above. 
Bibliography 
[1] Krauss G. - Die Topographische Karte 1:25 000. AVN 1969 S. 2-12. 
[2] Grothenn D. - Die Fortführung amtlicher topographischer Kartenwerke am Beispiel einiger 
mitteleuropäischer Länder. ZfV 10/69 S. 409-418, 458-461. 
[3] Krauss G. - Difficulties in Maintaining Topographic Maps and Possibilities of Overcomming 
Them. Invited Paper beim 12. ISP-Kongress, Ottawa, 1972. 
[4] Strobel E. - Erfahrungen mit dem Orthophoto bei der Fortführung der Topographischen 
Karte 1:25 000. BuL 5/1969 S. 197-202. 
[5] Krauss G. - Kartographische und reprotechnische Probleme bei der Fortführung topogra- 
phischer Karten. Vortrag bei der 34. Photogrammetrischen Woche 1973 in Stuttgart. 
Abstract 
A brief reference is made to the different origins of the map series 1:25 000 (TK 25) and the resultant differences 
with regard to symbolization and accuracy. Further the status of maintenance and the cycle of maintenance aimed at in 
the individual West German States are outlined. Next the source material available for the maintenance of this series in 
the various areas is dealt with. In some districts this material consists of large-scale topographic maps, mostly at the 
scales of 1:2,500 and 1:5,000. It is discussed, why the source material is used in different ways in the maintenance of the 
topographic map 1:25 000. Furthermore the extent to which air photographs including orthophotographs are used in main- 
tenance is described. Also there are given reasons for various photographic scales, the equipment used for maintaining 
the series are listed, the techniques are explained, and comparisons are made between the individual methods. Finally 
a test is described during which one of the 1:25 000 topographic map sheets was revised from sheets of the Basic Map of 
Germany, 1:5000 (partially line-map copies, partially photomap copies) as well as exclusively from air photographs 
1:32 000 by stereoscopic compilation. 
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