International Archives of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing. Vol. XXXII, Part 5. Hakodate 1998 
Remote Sensing Infrared Method of Detecting Near-underground Buried were « 
Objects by Means of Thermal Image Technique | constr 
The f 
Yoshizo Okamoto stuper 
Professor, Department of System Engineering and pl 
East Asia University So, iti 
Shimonoseki-city, Yamaguchi-pref., Japan, 751-8503 to cor 
Chun-liang Liu metho 
Ph.D.course, Department of Engineering, Ibaraki University combi 
4-12-1, Nakanarusawa-machi, Hitachi-city, Ibaraki, 316-0033 In this 
near-u 
Commission V, Working Group 5 corner 
tomb. 
of the 
Keywords: Buried Objects, Infrared Radiometer, Thermal Image, Ancient Remains, Thermography | tempe 
| electri 
Finall 
Abstract one of 
metho 
The infrared radiometer method (T/IR) 1s widely used to detect invisible flaws of structural elements, as a remote detect 
sensing device. The thermal image technique is also carried out to analyze the location and dimension of internal 
flaws, like the crack, inclusion, separation and cavity. Those flaws are detected by visualizing the abnormal 
  
temperature distribution of the tested surface using solar, combustion and lamp heaters. The generated temperature 2. Exp 
distortion shows the location of the underground flaws imaged on the infrared radiometer. 
Several proven methods, like radar electric resistance and magnetic flux, had been already used to detect their 92 1.Te! 
location of the buried objectives. Those methods are not remote sensing and spend the stupendous expense and 
plenty of time under the excavation. The T/IR method was applied to detect the near-underground buried structure Thern 
of ancient remains, such as corner stone, settlement, shell mound and ancient tomb. It was remarked that the T/IR transi 
method was feasible to satisfy with those needs. the i 
We examined to detect the buried ancient tombs and certified that tomb by observing non-uniform distribution of the includ 
infrared radiation temperature on the tested surface, as in case of test results using radar and electric resistance tempe 
methods. It was concluded that the T/IR method was quite useful to detect the near-underground objects. 
Figure 
1 Introduction 
The Remote Sensing device using the infrared radiometer The preliminary detection tests of the model test piece 
(T/IR) was developed to detect the invisible internal flaws were carried out and the heat transfer mechanism around 
of the material and structure elements in many the flaw was analyzed numerically It was obvious 
engineering fields. The thermal image technique based on throughout a series of the analysis that the proposed T/IR 
the infrared radiometer is also carried out to analyze the method was useful to detect the invisible near- Ü 
location and dimension of invisible flaws of the materials, underground objects as the remote-sensing device. € 
like crack, inclusion, separation and cavity. The T/IR Generally, ancient remains and artificial engineering : 
studies on the detection limit and its analyses in the structures are occasionally in the ground and they are | 
industrial and archeological underground objects are very invisible on the surface. Several proven exploration É 
little. (Okamoto, 1994a) 
In this paper, those flaws are detected by visualizing 
abnormal temperature distribution of the tested surface 
above the internal flaws by means of the solar, 
combustion and lamp heaters. It was reported that the 
injected heat caused the distortion of the heat flow around 
the buried flaw that represented its location. 
methods, like radar, electric resistance and magnetic field, 
have been used to detect their location and dimension of 
the buried object. Those methods are not remote sensing 
and limited in a small area of the ancient remains. 
Therefore, we spend the stupendous expense and plenty of 
time under excavation. In Japan, there are a lot of the 
ancient remains over 300,000. Recently, many remains 
622